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EMV chip card illustration

Online & Authorization

What is EMV?

EMV stands for Europay, Mastercard and Visa. In 1994 these companies formed a working group to set chip-card standards, leading to the EMV standards used worldwide today.

Illustration of ways merchants can reduce chargebacks on card transactions

Chargeback

How to Reduce Chargebacks (For Merchants)

Chargeback is inherent to card transactions, so it may be impossible to prevent entirely, but taking precautions keeps the risk to a minimum. Here are the key points merchants should pay attention to in order to reduce chargebacks.

Illustration for the question about SMS notifications in mail order transactions

From My Readers

Is there an SMS notification structure for Mail Order transactions?

I occasionally receive questions from my readers, and I answer them by email or through other channels. Since others may have similar questions, I will publish these questions on my site along with the answers. Hello Mr. Arif, I read your articles from time to time and...

Architecture diagram of the Visa EAS Server within the Visa Secure 3-D Secure authentication flow

EMV

What Is the Visa EAS Server?

The Visa EAS Server (Extended Access Service) is a server used in Visa’s authentication infrastructure. It was developed to run the cardholder authentication process securely between banks and the Visa network, particularly within Visa Secure (3-D Secure 2.x).

Shopper at an online checkout seeing a failed payment message because of an insufficient funds check

Online & Authorization

Why Do Your Payments Fail? How Funds Confirmation APIs Solve It

You press the pay button and the screen says the transaction failed. Behind that failure are checks on your balance and transaction security. This post explains how funds confirmation APIs work, where they apply, and the situation in Turkey's open banking.

TR QR Code merchant registry system diagram

Merchant & POS

What Is the Merchant Registry System?

The Merchant Registry System is the system at BKM that holds information on merchants accepting electronic payments, set up to simplify TR QR Code payment processes and prevent fraud and misuse in payments.

ATM machine targeted by jackpotting attacks

ATM

ATM Hacking Attacks Are on the Rise!

ATMs hold large amounts of cash, which keeps them in fraudsters' sights. Diebold Nixdorf and NCR report that jackpotting attacks have reached the United States. Here is what happened and what precautions can improve ATM security.

Diagram explaining what an EMV Issuer Script is and how it updates card chip parameters

EMV

What Is an EMV Issuer Script?

An EMV Issuer Script is a system that lets the issuer (the institution that issues the card) update and change the parameters and values on the card chip while it remains in use, reducing fraud over the card's lifetime.

Diagram illustrating the PIN Try Counter concept on a payment card chip

Credit Card

What Is PIN (Personal Identification Number) Try Counter?

The PIN Try Counter is a value stored on the card's chip showing the number of remaining offline PIN attempts. Each incorrect offline PIN entry decreases it by 1, and it resets when the correct PIN is entered.

Diagram showing how the iCVV code is generated for EMV chip cards

Credit Card

What Is iCVV? How Is It Generated?

iCVV stands for Integrated Circuit Card Verification Value. To prevent fraud, it is a CVV value generated similarly to the card's track data and stored on the card's chip. Visa uses the term iCVV; MasterCard and American Express use their own equivalents.

Example of a POS receipt showing a warning for a foreign card transaction

Merchant & POS

Is Identification of Foreign Customers on POS Receipts Mandatory?

Yes, it is mandatory. This requirement was introduced to prevent fraud. To fulfill their obligations regarding identification of foreign customers, banks must make one of several arrangements on receipts, such as bilingual descriptions or an explicit foreign card warning.