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Comparison chart showing the differences between CVV and CVV2 security codes

Credit Card

What Is the Difference Between CVV and CVV2?

CVV (CVC) and CVV2 (CVC2) are two terms that cardholders often confuse. Both are used for verification in card transactions, but there are notable differences between them, such as where each is printed and which transactions use it.

Illustration showing how an Application Identifier (AID) is used in a chip card transaction

EMV

What is an Application Identifier (AID)?

The AID tells the terminal which applications are present on a chip during a POS or ATM transaction. What does the AID do? It lets the terminal determine whether it supports an application on the chip. In Tag 9F06, it is 5-16 digits long.

Diagram illustrating the appeal stage of the card dispute and chargeback process between issuer, acquirer and card scheme

Payment Systems

What Is an Appeal? What Does It Mean in Payment Systems?

In payment systems, an “appeal” is the process of objecting to the outcome of a transaction dispute. It is usually discussed alongside chargebacks, but it plays a critical role in interbank dispute resolution, when a party asks the card scheme to re-evaluate a concluded decision.

Contactless reader device attached to a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What Is a Contactless Reader?

These are devices connected to a POS terminal that allow fast payments, up to a certain limit, using contactless credit cards or prepaid cards by tapping them on the contactless reader instead of the POS's card reader. Can every POS have a contactless reader attached?

Illustration of a new-generation smart cash register combining a fiscal device and a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What You Need to Know About Smart Cash Registers (OKC)

A smart cash register is a new-generation, IP-based payment recording device that integrates a cash register with a POS terminal. It combines fiscal devices and POS devices in a single unit and transmits data to the Ministry of Finance in real time.

HCE terminology and architecture diagram

HCE

Terms Used in HCE Terminology

When we talk about HCE methodology, many interacting architectural components come to mind. The core terms describing this architecture are listed below, starting with GCM/FCM (Google/Firebase Cloud Messaging), a service for sending push notifications.

Illustration of a marketplace solution connecting multiple online marketplaces and sellers

E-commerce

What Is a Marketplace Solution?

A marketplace solution is a service offered by software that enables communication and data exchange between different marketplaces. It is a multi-vendor online shopping infrastructure, including the payment system, for listing, searching and buying products and services.

Contactless payment being made with a chip debit card at a POS terminal

Debit Card

Can a debit card (ATM card) be used for contactless transactions?

A contactless transaction is a fast, secure payment made between a chip card and a POS device without direct contact, without the card's chip or magnetic data being read through the card reader. Can this be done with a debit card (ATM card)?