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"Payment Regulation"

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Illustration of an AI-based payment agent making payments automatically on behalf of a user

Payment Systems

What Are AI-Based Payment Agents?

Digitalization keeps changing the speed and shape of payments. AI-based payment agents pay on their own within user-defined limits and rules, completing transactions without the user initiating any action. This post explains how they work and what to watch for.

Illustration of a credit card installment payment plan

Credit Card

What is an installment?

An installment is when a credit card transaction is split into a fixed number of monthly payments to the bank. For example, splitting a 100 TL purchase into 5 installments means paying the bank 20 TL per month until the full amount is paid off.

Illustration representing PIN Transaction Security (PTS) certified payment devices

Merchant & POS

What is PIN Transaction Security (PTS)?

PIN Transaction Security (PTS) verifies that card data and PIN information are used for a payment transaction. It is a set of modular evaluation requirements managed by the PCI Security Standards Council for PIN-accepting terminals.

Diagram illustrating how a bank allocates a credit card limit

Credit Card

What does credit card limit allocation mean?

A credit card is a card whose limit the bank sets after evaluating the customer against criteria such as income, payment history, and credit bureau score.

Illustration of a card payment approved for a partial amount

Merchant & POS

What Is Partial Authorization?

Partial Authorization lets an issuer approve part of a transaction instead of declining it when the balance or limit is insufficient. This post covers how it works in ISO 8583, whether it is mandatory, and why it matters for the business.

Mir, the Russian national payment scheme, shown on a payment card

Credit Card

What Is MIR, the Russian Payment Scheme?

Mir means World and Peace. It is a national payment system established by a law adopted by the Central Bank of Russia on 1 May 2017. It is currently accepted mostly by Russia-based companies, but acceptance is gradually spreading.

Law on the Protection of Competition in Türkiye

Laws & Regulations

What Is the Law on the Protection of Competition?

The purpose of this Law is to protect competition by preventing agreements, decisions and practices that restrict competition in goods and services markets, and the abuse of dominance by dominant undertakings.

Illustration representing the Mir payment card scheme

Merchant & POS

2 Turkish Banks Agreed to Accept the Mir Payment System

In Turkey, there are 3 payment schemes we are used to seeing: MasterCard, Visa, and Troy. American Express and Diners Club are also used, though less widely. Russia's Central Bank recently said two Turkish banks are preparing to accept Mir cards.

Credit card application eligibility illustration

Credit Card

Who Can Legally Get a Credit Card?

People over 18 who have the capacity to discern, are not under legal restriction and whose creditworthiness is deemed suitable by the bank can get a credit card. Banks set different criteria for professions, students and homemakers.