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Illustration representing legal and administrative collection processes for unpaid credit card debt

Credit Card

What Are Legal Collection and Administrative Collection?

For people who have trouble paying credit card debt, who do not pay, or who pay late, the concepts of legal collection and administrative collection are not unfamiliar. So, what are legal collection and administrative collection? After a statement is issued on the card,…

Illustration of an ATM card trapping fraud scheme

ATM

ATM Fraud Methods: Card Trapping

ATMs generally hold your bank/credit card inside the card reader slot until the transaction is completed. Fraudsters insert foreign objects such as paper or adhesive-coated cards into the reader to trap the customer's card inside.

Illustration of a new-generation smart cash register combining a fiscal device and a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What You Need to Know About Smart Cash Registers (OKC)

A smart cash register is a new-generation, IP-based payment recording device that integrates a cash register with a POS terminal. It combines fiscal devices and POS devices in a single unit and transmits data to the Ministry of Finance in real time.

Mifare contactless smart card

Debit Card

Features of Mifare Cards

We previously explained detailed information about Mifare cards at the link below: https://unalarif.com/yazi/mifare-kart-nedir/ Now let's list the technical features of Mifare cards.

Illustration of ISO 8583 message format

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F35)

F35 TRACK-2 DATA: The values printed to the card's Track 2 data in ISO 7813 format, including field separators and start/end sentinels, but excluding LRC (Longitudinal Redundancy Check) characters. It is 37 characters long.

PIN try counter on chip cards

Credit Card

What Is the PIN Try Count?

The PIN Try Count is the maximum number of failed offline PIN verifications that can be made with the card. Banks usually keep both the consecutive wrong PIN count and the maximum wrong PIN count.

Technician performing first line maintenance on an ATM

ATM

What Is FLM (First Line Maintenance)?

FLM (First Line Maintenance) refers to service calls that require no tools or parts but are needed to return an ATM to proper working condition. It covers basic issues such as paper jams, cash jams, and restocking consumables.

ISO 8583 field 35 Track 2 data

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F35)

The card's Track 2 data is carried in this field. Track 2 data contains information such as the card number, expiry date and service code.

EMV chip card illustration

Online & Authorization

What is EMV?

EMV stands for Europay, Mastercard and Visa. In 1994 these companies formed a working group to set chip-card standards, leading to the EMV standards used worldwide today.

Illustration showing the reasons a bank may terminate a merchant agreement

Merchant & POS

Under What Circumstances Is a Merchant Agreement Terminated?

Banks check merchants against a termination list before issuing a POS device. Learn the main reasons, such as counterfeit card acceptance, excessive chargebacks, and fraud, that can lead a bank to terminate a merchant agreement.

Payment services defined under Law No. 6493

Laws & Regulations

What Is a Payment Service?

A payment service means the services offered under Article 12(1) of Law No. 6493. Essentially, it is delivering funds received from a sender to a recipient.