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Payment Institutions & E-Money
5 August 2021 was a very important day for Turkish payment systems. The CBRT's amendment to the Communiqué on the International Bank Account Number (IBAN) allows payment institutions and e-money institutions to create IBANs as well. This is...
Credit Card
In the world of payment systems, just as credit cards are an indispensable product, a payment scheme is indispensable for credit cards. When a credit card product is launched, the scheme it will be issued under is decided first.
Payment Systems
Digitalization keeps changing the speed and shape of payments. AI-based payment agents pay on their own within user-defined limits and rules, completing transactions without the user initiating any action. This post explains how they work and what to watch for.
Payment Systems
BKM, short for Interbank Card Center, is a legal entity established in 1990 with contributions from 13 public and private Turkish banks to provide clearing and settlement for cards.
FAST
The FAST system will bring significant convenience and speed to payments and money transfers. Here are its advantages for citizens and businesses, from Easy Address transfers to risk-based limits.
Credit Card
From the outside, Visa contactless looks simple, but once the limit is exceeded and PIN comes into play it gets deeper. Why do response codes 65 and 70 behave so differently on POS devices in different countries, such as the Netherlands and Saudi Arabia?
Open Banking
Embedded Finance means integrating financial products and services into non-financial platforms, experiences or business processes. In other words, services offered by financial institutions become part of the product or service flows of non-financial organizations.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
The new regulation on payment services and e-money issuance, published on 1 December 2021, repealed the 2014 regulation on payment institutions and e-money institutions and the related information systems communiqué. This post summarizes the change and the Article 33 equity requirement.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
In general, electronic money is monetary value stored on a protected technological device. Turkish law defines it under Law No. 6493 as electronically stored value issued against funds and accepted by third parties as a means of payment.
Payment Systems
Electronic money is a legally defined concept in Türkiye under Law No. 6493. Since Bitcoin is not linked to any central bank or official institution and does not meet the required conditions, it cannot be considered electronic money.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
No. Virtual currency is a digital representation of value not issued by any central bank, credit institution or e-money institution. Electronic money is defined in Turkish law and is tied to an electronic money institution.
Online & Authorization
Below are the EFT codes of banks located within Turkey, which are used both during the payment systems authorization stage (Field 32) and in banking transactions.