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"electronic banking"

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Diagram showing different types of POS terminals used for card payments

Merchant & POS

What Is a POS (Point of Sale)?

Virtual or electronic authorization devices connected to a bank, used by merchants to accept card payments. The term comes from the English phrase Point of Sale. Covers POS types by communication method, their advantages, who can use one, and the transactions a POS can perform.

ÖDED Payment and Electronic Money Association

Payment Institutions & E-Money

What Is ÖDED?

ÖDED (Payment and Electronic Money Association) is the only industry association representing the payment and electronic money institutions operating in Türkiye under Law No. 6493.

Illustration representing electronic payment systems

Payment Systems

What are Payment Systems?

Let's talk about payment systems, which we have heard more about since the internet entered our lives, and the basic structures behind them. The first credit card in the world was used in America in the 1920s.

Taxation of bill payment intermediation services

Laws & Regulations

How Are Bill Payment Intermediation Services Taxed?

Payment and e-money institutions' commissions were first subject to VAT, until Expenditure Taxes General Communiqué No. 91 settled the matter. Here is how bill payment intermediation is taxed under Article 10.

Screenshot of the Official Gazette announcing Law No. 7192 on payment and securities settlement systems

Laws & Regulations

What Is Law No. 7192 and What Does It Include?

Law No. 7192 amends certain articles of Law No. 6493 on Payment and Securities Settlement Systems, Payment Services and Electronic Money Institutions. Announced on 22 November 2019, it entered into force on 01.01.2020.

Bitcoin versus electronic money comparison illustration

Payment Systems

Is Bitcoin Electronic Money?

Electronic money is a legally defined concept in Türkiye under Law No. 6493. Since Bitcoin is not linked to any central bank or official institution and does not meet the required conditions, it cannot be considered electronic money.

Bill payment intermediation services illustration

Payment Institutions & E-Money

Who Can Act as an Intermediary for Bill Payments?

Bill payment intermediation is a payment service under Law No. 6493. Only the CBRT and payment service providers, namely banks, electronic money institutions, payment institutions and PTT, can offer it.