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HCE terminology and architecture diagram

HCE

Terms Used in HCE Terminology

When we talk about HCE methodology, many interacting architectural components come to mind. The core terms describing this architecture are listed below, starting with GCM/FCM (Google/Firebase Cloud Messaging), a service for sending push notifications.

Screenshot of an Address Verification Service (AVS) response code table

Merchant & POS

What is Address Verification Service (AVS)?

Address Verification Service (AVS) is a fraud prevention system that helps limit fraud and chargebacks when used effectively. It verifies that the address a customer enters matches the cardholder's address on file with the issuer.

Illustration of the compliance process between merchant bank and issuer in card payments

Chargeback

What Is Compliance (Regulatory Compliance)?

Compliance means adherence to card scheme rules. Outside chargebacks, it is how a bank that loses money because card payment organization rules were broken recovers that amount from the party that caused the loss.

Sample credit voucher (refund) document

Merchant & POS

What is a Credit Voucher (Refund Document)?

A Credit Voucher (Refund Document) is a document issued by the merchant for the refund or cancellation of a good or service that a cardholder purchased using a credit card, or to correct an overcharge made by mistake.

Illustration representing payment card BIN numbers and card schemes

Credit Card

Which BINs Do Payment Schemes Work With?

Banks increase the variety of their products and services to serve customers better. When introducing new products, they usually issue them under a new BIN. So are there valid rules for obtaining a new BIN (Bank Identification Number)?

Illustration of ISO 8583 message format

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F44)

DE 44 - ADDITIONAL RESPONSE DATA is used to provide other supplementary data that may be needed in authorization, as a response to the authorization message. The Card Authentication Results Code is sent in position 9, and the CAVV Result Code is sent in position 15.

Illustration representing PIN Transaction Security (PTS) certified payment devices

Merchant & POS

What is PIN Transaction Security (PTS)?

PIN Transaction Security (PTS) verifies that card data and PIN information are used for a payment transaction. It is a set of modular evaluation requirements managed by the PCI Security Standards Council for PIN-accepting terminals.

Social engineering fraud and human biases illustration

Fraud

What Biases and Human Behaviors Trigger Fraud?

Sometimes committing fraud by exploiting system vulnerabilities is harder than exploiting human weaknesses. Fraud that exploits such human weaknesses is called social engineering.

OTP SMS service icon illustrating one-time password delivery

Security

What Is OTP? What Is Its Role in End-to-End Security?

With Chip&Pin technology, card PINs and chip-based transactions became widespread. As online shopping grew, strengthening the security of these transactions became a necessity, and OTP began providing that transaction security.