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Logo or illustration representing the Credit Registration Bureau (KKB) in Turkey

Credit Card

What Is KKB (Credit Registration Bureau)?

KKB (Credit Registration Bureau) is a private company established in 1995 under Banking Law No. 5411 with nine bank shareholders, sharing credit information among member institutions.

Illustration of a payment card numbering structure under the ISO/IEC 7812 standard

Credit Card

What is ISO/IEC 7812?

ISO/IEC 7812 is a standard that primarily describes the card numbering system and the application and registration procedures. Identification cards, in physical or digital form, are an integral part of operations in many industries.

E-commerce checkout page with shopping cart on a laptop screen

E-commerce

Tips to Improve Conversion on Payment Pages

Online shopping has become the norm, and a well-optimized payment page is one of the best ways to win customers back. This post shares 13 practical tips for reducing cart abandonment and increasing conversions on your e-commerce site.

TR QR Code merchant registry system diagram

Merchant & POS

What Is the Merchant Registry System?

The Merchant Registry System is the system at BKM that holds information on merchants accepting electronic payments, set up to simplify TR QR Code payment processes and prevent fraud and misuse in payments.

ISO/IEC 7816-5 application identifier (AID) structure

Online & Authorization

What Is ISO/IEC 7816-5?

ISO/IEC 7816-5 defines how to use an application identifier to determine whether an application is present on a card and/or to retrieve the application on the card.

Illustration representing the products and services KKB offers directly to its member institutions

Credit Card

What Products and Services Does KKB Offer Directly to Members?

KKB was established, under banking law, to enable the exchange of all kinds of information and documents among at least five banks, and it also shares credit information about customers. The Credit Bureau of Turkey also serves deposit banks, participation banks, financial institutions, and more.

Diagram explaining the Easy Address service used with the FAST instant payment system

FAST

What Is Easy Address (Kolay Adres)?

The Instant and Continuous Transfer of Funds (FAST) System lets customers send payment instructions 24/7 through bank systems, independent of EFT. This article explains what Easy Address is, how to register one and how transfers work.

American Express chargeback reason codes list from the Chargeback and Exception Processing Guide

Chargeback

What Are the American Express Chargeback Reason Codes?

Chargeback reason codes vary by card scheme. The Amex chargeback reason codes and their descriptions are listed below: American Express Chargeback Reason Codes A01 The charge you submitted did not receive a valid authorization approval code for the amount...

Merchant onboarding process illustration

Merchant & POS

What is Onboarding (Merchant Definition)?

Onboarding refers to all the practices that help a customer learn to use a product or service for the first time. In payment institutions, it covers verifying a customer's information and documents during merchant application.

Sample Letter of Approval document for EMV terminal certification

Merchant & POS

What Is a Letter of Approval (LoA)?

A Letter of Approval (LoA) is a written approval from a card scheme or certification body letting a company proceed with a certified function. Learn how it works.

ETBİS electronic commerce information system registration

Payment Systems

What Is ETBİS?

ETBİS (Electronic Commerce Information System) is the system launched on 04/12/2017 so that e-commerce businesses are reachable and e-commerce data can be tracked reliably. Businesses must register before starting.