HCE
What Is the ISO/IEC 14443 Standard?
An international standard that defines proximity cards used in Near Field Communication (NFC) and the protocols used to communicate with them. It has 4 parts; Part 4 covers NFC and HCE operations.
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Payment Systems
Guide on Data Sharing Services in Payment Services Published
Open banking opens financial data, under the regulations and with the customer's explicit consent, to third-party service providers through standard APIs. The CBRT has published a guide on payment initiation and account information services, covering licensing and technical certification.
Cryptocurrency
What Are the Terms Used in the Cryptocurrency World?
Cryptocurrencies are becoming part of everyday life and are expected to compete seriously with card payments. This glossary explains the key crypto terms, from address, altcoin and arbitrage to halving, mining, proof of stake and stop-loss.
Merchant & POS
What is the Personal Data Protection Law (KVKK)?
The Personal Data Protection Law was adopted by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey on 24/03/2016 and published in Official Gazette No. 29677 on 07/04/2016. It protects individuals' rights in the processing of personal data and sets the rules that data controllers must follow.
Payment Systems
Preventing Financial Losses in Payment Systems: Authorization, Clearing, and the Reversal Mechanism
Every payment transaction completes in seconds, yet dozens of controls run behind the scenes. This post covers the precautions for authorization and clearing, the critical role of reversals, and the financial loss scenarios most often seen in the field.
ISO 8583
ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F61)
F61 - POINT OF SERVICE (POS) DATA: This field provides information about the specific status of the POS at the time of the transaction. Position Usage Attribute 1 POS Terminal Attendance Indicator 0 = Attended terminal (Valid for MasterCard debit card and Maestro transactions only).
Merchant & POS
Offline PIN Counter = 0 Scenario: Who Is Liable for Transactions Approved Without a PIN?
In EMV-based debit card transactions, PIN verification is decisive for both security and liability. What happens when a card that only supports online PIN is sent to the issuer without a PIN, and the issuer approves it? Who owns the risk?
Payment Systems
What Is an Appeal? What Does It Mean in Payment Systems?
In payment systems, an “appeal” is the process of objecting to the outcome of a transaction dispute. It is usually discussed alongside chargebacks, but it plays a critical role in interbank dispute resolution, when a party asks the card scheme to re-evaluate a concluded decision.
Credit Card
How is CVV generated?
CVV is a very critical 3-digit value used during a card's authorization process. The CVV value is encoded in the card's magnetic stripe data (Track 1 and Track 2). Is it generated by an algorithm or chosen at random?
Payment Systems
I Want to Establish an E-Money Institution in Turkey. How Should I Start?
Let's start by defining e-money. In general terms, e-money is a monetary value stored on a secure technological device (such as a computer disk). E-money is a concept defined under Turkish law through legislation enacted by the BRSA (BDDK).
HCE
What Is NFC?
NFC, known as Near Field Communication, is a technology that transfers data wirelessly between devices within 10 cm. It is used for data transfer, device pairing, and as the basis of contactless payments.
Laws & Regulations
What Is Law No. 7192 and What Does It Include?
Law No. 7192 amends certain articles of Law No. 6493 on Payment and Securities Settlement Systems, Payment Services and Electronic Money Institutions. Announced on 22 November 2019, it entered into force on 01.01.2020.