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Illustration representing an online marketplace connecting buyers and sellers

E-commerce

What is a marketplace?

A marketplace is an online payment platform where buyers and sellers come together, where products and services are listed for sale, and other operations are facilitated.

EU Payment Services Directive 2 PSD2

Merchant & POS

What Is the EU Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2)?

The EU Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2) is the EU's payment services law. ÖDED translated it into Turkish, creating an important handbook for anyone wanting to invest or work in this area.

Manibux prepaid card and allowance app for students and parents

Credit Card

The Era of Card Payments in Schools

Prepaid cards have changed how families manage children's spending. The Manibux allowance app now serves schools with its K12 application, letting parents load separate allowance and canteen balances for their children.

Illustration of a stored value card with balance information stored on its magnetic stripe

Debit Card

What Is a Stored Value Card?

A stored value card is a widely used card type today. Instead of being held in a financial system, the monetary balance is stored directly on the card, which has a special magnetic stripe recording important financial data such as the balance.

Screenshot illustrating a prepaid card and its features

Credit Card

What is a prepaid card?

A prepaid card is a customized card, with or without a chip, not linked to a bank account and without a credit limit like credit cards, letting you spend only the amount loaded onto it.

Diagram illustrating a bank's OnUs transaction flow and the process of opening ATMs to other banks' cards

ATM

What needs to be done to open ATMs to the use of all bank cards?

Suppose you are a newly established bank, wanting to offer customers all your products and services. Of course, this is not easy. First, the Bank's OnUs transaction processing step must run successfully before other banks' cards can be accepted at the ATMs.

Diagram showing the CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) Indicator field used in payment authorization messages

Merchant & POS

What is the CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) Indicator?

CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) devices are typically unattended terminals that accept various payment cards. These terminals are frequently installed at railway ticket stations, gas stations, toll roads, parking lots, and other commercial locations.

Table of chargeback reason codes by payment scheme

Chargeback

What Are the Chargeback Reason Codes by Payment Scheme?

A chargeback is the process of requesting that an amount paid by credit card be refunded, either because the goods or services paid for were not received, or because a transaction is identified as one the cardholder did not carry out.

Illustration representing a bank checking a merchant against the termination list before issuing a POS device

Merchant & POS

What Is a Merchant Termination List Check?

The termination list is a list, fed by all banks, containing merchants whose merchant agreements have been terminated by banks, together with the reasons for termination. This list is maintained by BKM and offered to banks as a service. Merchants request…

Diagram illustrating the structure of a Bank Identifier Code (BIC)

EMV

What is a Bank Identifier Code (BIC)?

BIC stands for Bank Identifier Code. It is the universal bank identification code used for automated processing in banking and related financial environments, identifying banks as specified by the ISO 9362 standard.