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HSM & Security
Below are the properties and descriptions of the DES and AES keys used for encryption: DES (Data Encryption Standard) and AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) are both symmetric block ciphers. DES is a symmetric block cipher with a 56-bit key length...
Payment Systems
This Guide links business models frequently encountered in the payments field to the payment services listed in Law No. 6493 on Payment and Securities Settlement Systems, Payment Services and Electronic Money Institutions, and aims at uniformity in practice.
Merchant & POS
In EMV-based debit card transactions, PIN verification is decisive for both security and liability. What happens when a card that only supports online PIN is sent to the issuer without a PIN, and the issuer approves it? Who owns the risk?
Agentic Commerce
The next customer on the internet may not be human. If AI agents become part of purchasing decisions, the rules of e-commerce, marketing, and payment systems could change.
Security
Fraud means obtaining unjust gain by carrying out a transaction at a merchant or ATM using someone else's credit card or debit card, causing a loss to the real cardholder, the merchant, or the bank. So what fraud codes do Visa and Mastercard use?
Payment Systems
The BRSA has prepared a draft communiqué setting out remote identity verification methods banks can use for new customer acquisition and identity verification, under Banking Law No. 5411 and the regulation on banks' information systems.
ATM
Because the ATM is the channel where customers physically handle cash, fraud cases happen there very often. Here are the precautions you can take to use ATMs safely.
Credit Card
The effect of credit cards on inflation has been debated for years. Because I am asked about it so often, I ran a poll on arifunal.com to gather readers' views. This post weighs the positive and negative effects and compares the poll with the research findings.
Payment Systems
You can find the regulations under Law No. 6493 on Payment and Securities Settlement Systems, Payment Services and Electronic Money Institutions on the BRSA website. They are updated as new regulations are introduced.
Payment Systems
In payment systems, an “appeal” is the process of objecting to the outcome of a transaction dispute. It is usually discussed alongside chargebacks, but it plays a critical role in interbank dispute resolution, when a party asks the card scheme to re-evaluate a concluded decision.
Payment Systems
The BRSA has published a draft amendment to the regulation on remote identification methods used by banks and electronic contract relationships. It extends remote onboarding to legal entities, including MERSIS-based verification of representatives.
Payment Systems
One of the most notable recent developments in card payments is that contactless limits are no longer fixed and can be managed dynamically per customer. Mastercard and Visa are taking different but complementary approaches, and ISO 8583 may need to evolve with them.