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Photo of the Central Bank letter asking banks not to load 200 TL banknotes into ATMs

ATM

Is It Forbidden to Load 200 TL Notes into ATMs?

In a letter to banks as part of the fight against inflation, the CBRT asked them to stock small-denomination banknotes in ATMs instead of 200 TL notes. Is this a ban or a recommendation, and what are the operational consequences for ATMs and banks?

ATM technician performing a second line maintenance repair with a toolkit

ATM

What Is SLM (Second Line Maintenance)?

ATM maintenance is essential for ATM longevity. SLM (Second Line Maintenance) covers repairs that require a toolkit and part replacement, usually without access to the ATM safe, while FLM handles simpler cash and consumable tasks.

Diagram illustrating a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) architecture

HSM & Security

What is TEE (Trusted Execution Environment)?

A Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) is an environment where executed code and accessed data are isolated and protected in terms of confidentiality (no one has access to the data) and integrity (no one can alter the code or its behavior). We may not realize it, but many…

ATM jackpotting attack illustration

ATM

What Is Jackpotting?

Jackpotting describes a method criminals use to steal money from ATMs. With physical access to the machine, they take control of it and make it dispense all of its cash.

Illustration of ATM machines representing a shared banking network

ATM

The Netherlands is moving to a shared ATM network

Banks generally prefer to handle their own ATM software and operations. Some banks have third-party firms develop the software while handling operational processes themselves, so each bank ends up doing separate work for both.

Diagram of internet banking security showing a login screen protected by a padlock

HSM & Security

What Should Be Done to Ensure Internet Banking Security?

In the past, banking meant going to a branch. Today, most transactions run through channels such as the Internet Branch, ATM and Mobile Branch, so improving internet banking security and regularly informing customers about it is important.

ATM machine vulnerable to hacking and fraud

ATM

Can ATMs Be Hacked?

ATMs are among the channels banks use most to serve customers. Besides being one of the most important channels, because they physically dispense cash and give access to a customer's account, many fraud cases occur at ATMs.

Architecture diagram of the Visa EAS Server within the Visa Secure 3-D Secure authentication flow

EMV

What Is the Visa EAS Server?

The Visa EAS Server (Extended Access Service) is a server used in Visa’s authentication infrastructure. It was developed to run the cardholder authentication process securely between banks and the Visa network, particularly within Visa Secure (3-D Secure 2.x).