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"CVV2"

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Secure card storage and tokenization illustration

Merchant & POS

What Is Card Storage?

Card storage is a system, secured with PCI DSS certification, for storing credit and debit card details safely. It saves consumers from entering their card details again and again on frequent purchases.

Diagram showing how the iCVV code is generated for EMV chip cards

Credit Card

What Is iCVV? How Is It Generated?

iCVV stands for Integrated Circuit Card Verification Value. To prevent fraud, it is a CVV value generated similarly to the card's track data and stored on the card's chip. Visa uses the term iCVV; MasterCard and American Express use their own equivalents.

Animated illustration of a credit card representing dynamic security code technology

Credit Card

What is a Dynamic Card Security Code (CSC)?

It is a CVV2/CVC2 code that changes every few minutes instead of the static code printed on the back of a credit card, aimed at reducing fraud risk in CNP (Card Not Present) transactions.

Diagram of the chargeback process between cardholder, issuer and acquirer

Chargeback

How to Reduce Chargebacks (For Cardholders)

A chargeback is when a cardholder asks the issuing bank to refund a transaction made without their knowledge. It cannot be prevented entirely, but simple precautions can minimize the risk. Here is how the process works and what cardholders should do.

Diagram of HSM use case areas in security and payment systems

HSM & Security

What Is an HSM? What Is It Used For?

HSM, short for Hardware Security Module, is specialized security hardware built to store sensitive cryptographic keys in a physical environment and to perform cryptographic operations in the most secure way.

Warning illustration about a fake social media gift points scam targeting card details

Credit Card

Congratulations, You Won Gift Points..

A real attempted card fraud story: a fake Facebook friend request, a promise of free bank points, and a request for card number, expiry date and CVV2. Here is what happened and how to protect yourself.

Illustration of a Card Not Present (CNP) online payment transaction

Credit Card

What Is a CNP (Card Not Present) Transaction?

CNP refers to a transaction made through a website or a company's own app payment page, where the card is not read by any device and its details are entered manually. It is short for Card Not Present.

Card skimming and copied card details

Credit Card

What Should I Do If My Card Details Are Copied?

Card copying usually happens with magnetic stripe debit cards. As soon as you notice your card details have been copied, you can close the card, renew it or change its PIN.

Illustration representing a virtual card used for mail order and e-commerce payments

Credit Card

What is a Virtual Card?

A credit card number created based on a credit card, not physically printed, usable in all virtual purchases (mail order, e-commerce, etc.). It is generated instantly upon request, usable right away, created with a zero limit, and free of charge.

Credit card and smartphone illustrating online card payments without physically presenting the card

Credit Card

Do I have to use my physical card when shopping?

In the early years of credit cards, using the card physically was mandatory. With the internet and new technologies, we can now pay with only the card details, 3D Secure and contactless NFC payments, even without the card in hand.