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Credit Card
Pre-authorization reduces the merchant's risk by blocking part of the card's limit for a set period. Since a credit card has a defined limit, an amount can be blocked against it. ATM cards and prepaid debit cards have no such limit to block.
Fraud
With the growth of credit and debit card usage and rising e-commerce transaction volumes, there has been a serious increase in exploiting user negligence to harm customers. Fraud means using someone else's card at a merchant or ATM to gain unjust profit.
Credit Card
Cases where authorization approval is declined have always puzzled cardholders. Whenever the response code requires contacting the issuing bank (usually for declined transactions), the date, amount, and response code of the failed transaction become very important.
Credit Card
Most of us are familiar with CVV2/CVC2 - the security code on the back of a card, usually three digits. So what is dCVV2? Here's how dynamic CVV technology works and why Visa introduced it for online payments.
Payment Systems
Contactless payment has greatly improved the user experience, yet its fixed transaction limit is a common complaint. Can this limit be managed dynamically per customer? This post covers the current situation, technical and regulatory requirements and the outlook.
Credit Card
After Apple Card, announced last March to great fanfare, Huawei said it would issue a card too. Google has now joined the race among tech companies by announcing a new card of its own.
Clearing
The clearing system settles a transaction between two participants when a card from one bank is used at another bank's POS or ATM. Learn about the incoming and outgoing files used in interbank clearing.
Merchant & POS
AUC (Application Usage Control) specifies restrictions that limit an application by geography or by specific transaction types. It is a 2-byte data element in Tag 9F07. If present, the terminal performs checks such as whether the transaction is at an ATM.
Credit Card
Major Industry Identifier (MII) is the first digit of a credit card number, representing the category of the institution that issued the card. The MII values and their corresponding categories are listed below.
Payment Systems
In card payment transactions made via a physical POS device, entering the card's PIN keeps the transaction secure, while in virtual POS transactions, security is provided through the 3D Secure flow. Are 3D Secure payment methods standardized? There are 3 different 3D Secure models.
ATM
The units that let an ATM receive data are called Input Units, and the units that display data are called Output Units. Learn about the card reader, keypad, speaker, display, receipt printer, and cash dispenser.
Chargeback
Arbitration, by definition, is a dispute resolution method in which disputes are settled by arbitrators the parties choose themselves, rather than by official courts. In payment systems, it follows a chargeback when the issuer and acquirer cannot agree.