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Merchant & POS
An offline transaction is one approved by the card and the POS themselves, without going to any system (the card's bank or the POS's bank), when a chip card transaction is made at a POS. For this reason, some sectors considered risky are restricted.
Chargeback
Chargeback is inherent to card transactions, so it may be impossible to prevent entirely, but taking precautions keeps the risk to a minimum. Here are the key points merchants should pay attention to in order to reduce chargebacks.
Credit Card
While reviewing your credit card statement, you suddenly notice a transaction you never made. What would you think? Is your card going shopping while you sleep? Let's look at how this can happen and what to do about it.
Merchant & POS
Terminal Verification Results (TVR): a sequence of bits produced when a terminal reads an EMV card, based on logical checks such as an expired card. This data object is used to decide whether a payment transaction should be accepted online, declined, or allowed to proceed.
Payment Systems
Offline transaction parameters are divided into two types: contact offline and contactless offline. These parameters can be managed separately through Terminal data and Chip data. Offline transactions can be reported to the HOST after an online transaction, after X occurrences, and more.
E-commerce
Making payments over the internet using a card is called online payment. Learn what online payment systems are used for and what happens behind an online transaction, from the payment gateway to the issuing bank.
Credit Card
The PIN Try Count is the maximum number of failed offline PIN verifications that can be made with the card. Banks usually keep both the consecutive wrong PIN count and the maximum wrong PIN count.
Merchant & POS
The Combined Warning List (BUL) lists card numbers the issuer wants blocked (lost, stolen, counterfeit, etc.), which acquiring merchants check within certain limits, at their own risk, when online authorization cannot be obtained.
EMV
The EXTERNAL AUTHENTICATE command asks the application inside the ICC whether it can verify the cryptogram, and the ICC returns the processing status. Below are the components of the External Authenticate command and what issuer authentication means.
Security
With Chip&Pin technology, card PINs and chip-based transactions became widespread. As online shopping grew, strengthening the security of these transactions became a necessity, and OTP began providing that transaction security.
Credit Card
In foreign transactions the Transaction Amount is taken online from the customer's account, but what matters is the amount transmitted at clearing, so exchange rate fluctuations between the two moments can create risk for the bank.
Merchant & POS
Today, credit cards play an important role in our daily lives. We can carry out almost all of our transactions without carrying cash, using our credit card instead. During a purchase, we hand our card to the cashier and enter our PIN at the POS terminal.