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Closed-Loop Payments
Is Starbucks really selling coffee, or building an ecosystem? Prepaid balances, a loyalty program and customer data turn a coffee chain's payments into a closed-loop economy, a very different model from Istanbulkart.
Merchant & POS
In the first post I explained what closed-loop payment systems are and how they differ from open-loop ones. Many of the replies I received boiled down to one question: how do these systems actually work behind the scenes once a QR code is scanned?
ISO 8583
F39 - RESPONSE CODE: This is the code showing whether the transaction was approved or declined. It is 2-digit alphanumeric. Typically 00 is sent when approved, and a decline reason code is sent when declined.
Payment System Institutions
BKM (Interbank Card Center) works through several committees: Security, Operations and Technology, Market Development, Business Development, Chargeback Rules and Arbitration, ATM Sharing, plus arbitration committees. This post outlines each one's duties.
Payment Systems
Chargeback reason codes differ by card scheme. Here is the list of Discover chargeback reason codes and their descriptions, along with how merchants can use them.
Agentic Commerce
The next customer on the internet may not be human. If AI agents become part of purchasing decisions, the rules of e-commerce, marketing, and payment systems could change.
Merchant & POS
These are codes placed into the terminal software by the acquirer that govern the rules for whether transactions go online or are declined, covering offline approval, offline decline, and online submission due to issuer risk...
HCE
There are three types of PIN strategy in HCE (Host Card Emulation): No PIN, Card PIN and Wallet PIN or customer biometric data. Each balances user experience and security differently.
Merchant & POS
Partial authorization lets an issuer approve part of the requested amount when the card lacks the full balance, with the rest paid another way. This post covers the technical, receipt, clearing, reconciliation, merchant and certification requirements for acquirers.
Payment Systems
Below is information on the products found in the Visa and MasterCard systems and their associated product codes, listed under Product ID (cardProductId).
Payment Systems
One of the most notable recent developments in card payments is that contactless limits are no longer fixed and can be managed dynamically per customer. Mastercard and Visa are taking different but complementary approaches, and ISO 8583 may need to evolve with them.
Chargeback
A chargeback is the process of requesting that an amount paid by credit card be refunded, either because the goods or services paid for were not received, or because a transaction is identified as one the cardholder did not carry out.