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Merchant & POS
These are codes placed into the terminal software by the acquirer that govern the rules for whether transactions go online or are declined, covering offline approval, offline decline, and online submission due to issuer risk...
ISO 8583
DE 9, Conversion Rate, Settlement, carries the settlement conversion rate. It is an 8-digit numeric value: the first digit shows the decimal position from the right and the next 7 digits show the value.
ATM
Due to inflation and other financial conditions, banks in Türkiye raised their ATM cash withdrawal limits as of 1 January 2025, from 10,000 TL to 15,000 TL and, at some banks, up to 20,000 TL.
Fraud
Fraud management is used to detect possible fraud on customer accounts and provides additional security for transactions when necessary, making it one of the top priorities for banks.
Security
Fraud cases where scammers pose as bank staff or other institution employees to obtain citizens' banking information have increased significantly recently. Interestingly, the new fraud trend closely mirrors the steps of a genuine banking procedure.
Merchant & POS
A reader asks whether a payment request taken at a customer's request should be sent as an e-commerce transaction, and what really separates Mail Order from E-commerce authorization.
Merchant & POS
In payment systems, every exchange between POS devices and bank or payment institution systems runs on a specific messaging standard, generally based on ISO 8583. However, each country, bank, or switch network defines its own version of this standard.
Merchant & POS
In the first post I explained what closed-loop payment systems are and how they differ from open-loop ones. Many of the replies I received boiled down to one question: how do these systems actually work behind the scenes once a QR code is scanned?
Chargeback
A chargeback is the refund of an amount paid by credit card to the cardholder's card when the purchased goods or services were not received, or when a transaction was not actually carried out by the cardholder.
Credit Card
The service code is information printed on a card's Track 1 and Track 2 data, covering card type, PIN usage, and domestic/international usage status. It is kept at the product level in bank systems.
Merchant & POS
Terminal Verification Results (TVR): a sequence of bits produced when a terminal reads an EMV card, based on logical checks such as an expired card. This data object is used to decide whether a payment transaction should be accepted online, declined, or allowed to proceed.
ISO 8583
F19 — Acquiring Institution Country Code: the country to which the location of the acquiring bank's device (ATM, POS, etc.) belongs.