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Architecture diagram of the Visa EAS Server within the Visa Secure 3-D Secure authentication flow

EMV

What Is the Visa EAS Server?

The Visa EAS Server (Extended Access Service) is a server used in Visa’s authentication infrastructure. It was developed to run the cardholder authentication process securely between banks and the Visa network, particularly within Visa Secure (3-D Secure 2.x).

Infographic on the change in the credit card minimum payment ratio

Credit Card

Credit Card Minimum Payment Ratio Changed

With its announcement dated 09.06.2022, the BRSA changed how the credit card minimum payment is calculated: 20 percent of the period debt below a 25,000 lira limit and 40 percent above it. This post covers what banks should do and the likely market impact.

Diagram of a first credential-on-file transaction using stored card data

Security

What is the First Credential-On-File transaction?

The first transaction made after a customer's card data is stored with a merchant is called the First Credential-On-File transaction. BKM expects it to be flagged with the value "C" in switch message field DE48.PDS86, and BRSA draft rules govern how card data may be stored.

Visa Merchant Purchase Inquiry (VMPI) process diagram

Fraud

What is Visa Merchant Purchase Inquiry (VMPI)?

Chargeback is the process of refunding a credit card payment when the goods or services that should have been received were not, or when transactions not made by the cardholder are identified. In Turkish it is translated as reversal of presentment.

Illustration of a credit card installment payment plan

Credit Card

What is an installment?

An installment is when a credit card transaction is split into a fixed number of monthly payments to the bank. For example, splitting a 100 TL purchase into 5 installments means paying the bank 20 TL per month until the full amount is paid off.

Diagram illustrating the retrieval request process in card transactions

Chargeback

What is a Retrieval Request?

A chargeback is when cardholders dispute a transaction made without their knowledge through their card-issuing bank. So what does a Retrieval Request mean? It is essentially a document request related to transactions a cardholder does not recognize on their statement.

Diagram illustrating the soft chargeback retrieval request process between cardholder, issuer and merchant

Chargeback

What Is a Soft Chargeback?

A soft chargeback, also called a retrieval request, is a request for documents about a transaction the cardholder does not recognize. Learn why customers request them, what information merchants should provide, and why a fast response matters.