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Diagram showing the CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) Indicator field used in payment authorization messages

Merchant & POS

What is the CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) Indicator?

CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) devices are typically unattended terminals that accept various payment cards. These terminals are frequently installed at railway ticket stations, gas stations, toll roads, parking lots, and other commercial locations.

Illustration showing how an Application Identifier (AID) is used in a chip card transaction

EMV

What is an Application Identifier (AID)?

The AID tells the terminal which applications are present on a chip during a POS or ATM transaction. What does the AID do? It lets the terminal determine whether it supports an application on the chip. In Tag 9F06, it is 5-16 digits long.

Table of Visa and Mastercard fraud codes and descriptions

Security

What Are the Visa and Mastercard Fraud Codes?

Fraud means obtaining unjust gain by carrying out a transaction at a merchant or ATM using someone else's credit card or debit card, causing a loss to the real cardholder, the merchant, or the bank. So what fraud codes do Visa and Mastercard use?

Illustration representing an installment mail order card transaction

Merchant & POS

Is an installment Mail Order transaction possible?

A reader asked whether installment mail order transactions are still possible, and whether a card limit equal only to the installment amount is enough. This article shares the answer.

Diagram illustrating the ISO 20022 financial messaging standard

Payment Systems

What Is ISO 20022?

There are standards that keep payment systems running smoothly and reliably. One of these is ISO 20022. So what is ISO 20022, and why was it created? It is an international, XML-based financial messaging standard developed in 2009.

Diagram of an Onus installment transaction flow between POS and HOST

Payment Systems

What are the key points in an Onus Installment project?

Before describing the Onus Installment process, it is better to first answer: what is an Onus transaction? An Onus transaction is when the acquirer and issuer are the same institution, so the transaction is processed through that institution.

Illustration representing MCC codes used to classify merchants by category

Merchant & POS

What Is an MCC Code Used For?

Since the MCC code is a merchant's category code, it's critical for the checks performed during merchant onboarding and authorization, including campaigns and restrictions.

Illustration of a card present transaction being processed at a POS terminal

Security

What is a CP (Card Present) Transaction?

A CP transaction refers to a card transaction in which the card and cardholder are physically present at the location. Card Present transactions occur when the card's magnetic stripe or chip data is read by a POS terminal or ATM, or via contactless.

Diagram illustrating TCR (Transaction Record Component) packets used in payment clearing and settlement files

Payment Systems

What Is TCR (Transaction Record Component)?

TCR stands for Transaction Record Component, the packets that carry transaction information in a clearing system. Transaction types in a clearing file are distinguished by transaction code and usage code values, and this data is sent inside TCR packets.

GET DATA command flow in an EMV transaction

EMV

What is the GET DATA command?

The GET DATA command is used to retrieve a primitive data object that is not encapsulated in a record within the current application. It is used to retrieve certain primitive data objects interpreted by the application on the ICC.

Online mail order payment form being filled out on a laptop

Merchant & POS

What is the risk of mail order transactions for merchants?

Mail order transactions are preferred by cardholders because they only block the card limit by the installment amount, creating a sales opportunity for merchants. But is the remaining balance guaranteed?

Credit card statement showing an unrecognized transaction

Credit Card

Is Your Card Making Purchases Without Your Knowledge?

While reviewing your credit card statement, you suddenly notice a transaction you never made. What would you think? Is your card going shopping while you sleep? Let's look at how this can happen and what to do about it.