Search
72 articles found
Merchant & POS
UnionPay International (UPI) is a China UnionPay subsidiary founded in November 2012. Together with more than 1,000 institutions worldwide, UPI provides international card acceptance in 160 countries and card issuance in more than 40 countries and regions.
Online & Authorization
In EMV, data is stored in Tag-Length-Value (TLV) format, and it is carried between the card, the POS terminal, and the authorization system in this same format. This post lists every EMV Tag, its type, and its description.
Merchant & POS
With advances in technology, mobile phones can now be used for many functions besides calls and internet access. One such innovation is the ability to use smartphones or tablets as POS devices.
E-commerce
AI agents are moving beyond answering questions to searching, deciding, and paying on behalf of users. This post explains Agentic Commerce and what it means for payment systems, digital wallets, e-money institutions, banks, and fintechs.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
The Law defines e-money as monetary value issued in exchange for funds accepted by the issuer, stored electronically, used for payment transactions and accepted as a payment instrument by persons other than the issuer. This post explains e-money institutions and the services they may provide.
Payment Systems
Takasbank (Istanbul Settlement and Custody Bank) exists to increase the competitiveness of Turkey's markets by providing clearing and custody services, financial services, and other economic activities under the relevant legislation.
Credit Card
Person-to-person payments (P2P) is an online technology that lets users transfer money from their bank or credit card accounts to another person's account over the internet or a mobile phone. Examples of such apps include PayPal, Venmo, and Cash App.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
A payment institution is a legal entity authorized under the Law to provide and execute payment services. It must be a joint stock company meeting the conditions in Article 14 of Law No. 6493. This post sets out the services listed in Article 12 and the exclusions.
Credit Card
A prepaid card is a customized chip or chipless card that is not linked to a bank account and has no credit limit like a credit card. You can only spend up to the amount loaded onto the card.
Credit Card
When I think back to the Akbil I used when I first arrived in Istanbul, I think it's fair to say that Istanbulkart has undergone a very significant transformation. Users can now track activity, top up and view balances right from their phones.
ATM
A Bitcoin ATM (BTM) is a specialized kiosk designed for Bitcoin transactions, letting users buy and sell Bitcoin. General features: it enables Bitcoin purchases and sales, and while it visually resembles traditional ATMs...
ISO 8583
DE 38 (AUTHORIZATION IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE) is the authorization code generated when a transaction is approved. It is alphanumeric, 6 characters long, and left empty for declined transactions.