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"Online Transaction"

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Diagram showing the pre-authorization closing process flow on a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What Is Pre-Authorization Closing?

Pre-authorization closing turns a pre-authorized transaction into a financial one, posting it to the merchant and cardholder accounts. See how amounts and available limit are affected.

Illustration representing an online mail order payment made with a debit card

Debit Card

Can Mail Order transactions be done with debit cards?

Debit cards and prepaid cards are generally closed to Mail Order transactions. The same usually applies to Non-3D (non-3D Secure) online transactions, which banks keep disabled by default to limit fraud risk.

Diagram explaining the Visa Purchase Return Authorization process for card refunds

Credit Card

What Is Purchase Return Authorization?

A structure developed by Visa for purchase refund transactions. The purchase return authorization message lets cardholders view their refund transactions in real time, improving the customer refund experience.

Illustration representing communication protocols used in POS payment systems

Merchant & POS

What Are POS Sub-Protocols and Their Use Cases in Turkey?

In payment systems, every exchange between POS devices and bank or payment institution systems runs on a specific messaging standard, generally based on ISO 8583. However, each country, bank, or switch network defines its own version of this standard.

Numberless bank card design concept with no printed digits

Credit Card

Did Someone Say a Numberless Card?

When we think of a credit card, we picture one printed with the Card Number, Cardholder Name, Expiration Date, and CVV2 information. But what if we told you there is a card with no numbers on it at all? It may sound strange at first, but...

Comparison chart showing the differences between CVV and CVV2 security codes

Credit Card

What Is the Difference Between CVV and CVV2?

CVV (CVC) and CVV2 (CVC2) are two terms that cardholders often confuse. Both are used for verification in card transactions, but there are notable differences between them, such as where each is printed and which transactions use it.

Diagram illustrating the PIN Try Counter concept on a payment card chip

Credit Card

What Is PIN (Personal Identification Number) Try Counter?

The PIN Try Counter is a value stored on the card's chip showing the number of remaining offline PIN attempts. Each incorrect offline PIN entry decreases it by 1, and it resets when the correct PIN is entered.

3D Secure opt-out online payment illustration

Merchant & POS

What Is Opt Out?

In online transactions, Opt Out is the cardholder exercising the right not to enroll in 3D Secure. It is not unlimited: only as many transactions as the issuer allows can be made without 3D Secure.

Architecture diagram of the Visa EAS Server within the Visa Secure 3-D Secure authentication flow

EMV

What Is the Visa EAS Server?

The Visa EAS Server (Extended Access Service) is a server used in Visa’s authentication infrastructure. It was developed to run the cardholder authentication process securely between banks and the Visa network, particularly within Visa Secure (3-D Secure 2.x).

Photo of a prepaid card used for everyday purchases

Credit Card

What should you know before buying a prepaid card?

A prepaid card is a customized chip or chipless card that is not linked to a bank account and has no credit limit like a credit card. You can only spend up to the amount loaded onto the card.

Contactless card payment on a POS terminal abroad

Credit Card

On the Issue with Visa Contactless Transactions Abroad...

From the outside, Visa contactless looks simple, but once the limit is exceeded and PIN comes into play it gets deeper. Why do response codes 65 and 70 behave so differently on POS devices in different countries, such as the Netherlands and Saudi Arabia?

Istanbulkart transit and payment card

Credit Card

Istanbulkart: Both Transit Card and Payment Card

When I think back to the Akbil I used when I first arrived in Istanbul, I think it's fair to say that Istanbulkart has undergone a very significant transformation. Users can now track activity, top up and view balances right from their phones.