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Diagram showing the pre-authorization closing process flow on a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What Is Pre-Authorization Closing?

Pre-authorization closing turns a pre-authorized transaction into a financial one, posting it to the merchant and cardholder accounts. See how amounts and available limit are affected.

Diagram illustrating how a Payment Facilitator connects merchants to banks for card payments

Merchant & POS

What Is a Payment Facilitator (PF)?

A Payment Facilitator (PF) is a licensed payment institution that lets merchants accept card payments without applying to banks directly. Learn how it works.

Diagram explaining ISO 8583 message types 200 and 210

Payment Systems

What Are 200 and 210 Messages Used For?

Message 200 is generated for transactions initiated from POS applications, and the acquiring bank responds with message 210. Learn how 100/110 messages route approvals via the issuing bank, and common rejection reasons.

Illustration representing a payment card's transaction history

Credit Card

What Is a Card's First Transaction Date? What Is It Used For?

Banks generally keep a record in the system of a card's "First Transaction Date." This information is automatically populated by the online authorization system. So under what circumstances is it updated? First, an authorization transaction must…

Expiration date printed on the front of a payment card

Credit Card

What Is a Card Expiration Date?

What is a card expiration date? Learn why banks print this date on every card, how it's used in purchases, and what happens once it passes.

Illustration representing an online mail order payment made with a debit card

Debit Card

Can Mail Order transactions be done with debit cards?

Debit cards and prepaid cards are generally closed to Mail Order transactions. The same usually applies to Non-3D (non-3D Secure) online transactions, which banks keep disabled by default to limit fraud risk.

Person entering card details on an online payment page

E-commerce

What is Online Payment?

Making payments over the internet using a card is called online payment. Learn what online payment systems are used for and what happens behind an online transaction, from the payment gateway to the issuing bank.