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Credit Card
An installment transaction splits a payment into a set number of installments reflected on the cardholder's statement, when the card and POS bank are the same. For example, a 1000 TL transaction in 5 installments reflects 200 TL per statement period, starting from the first one.
ISO 8583
F54 - ADDITIONAL AMOUNTS is the additional amount field used in transactions. It can take different values depending on the transaction, such as carrying account balance information for balance inquiries.
Merchant & POS
Credit card transactions made via POS sometimes need to be reversed. These are called a cancellation (void) or a refund. What's the difference, and when does each apply?
Fraud
In payment systems, fraud means using someone else's credit or debit card to carry out a transaction at a merchant or ATM, gaining unfair profit and causing loss to the real cardholder, the merchant, or the bank. Fraudsters…
Closed-Loop Payments
Is Starbucks really selling coffee, or building an ecosystem? Prepaid balances, a loyalty program and customer data turn a coffee chain's payments into a closed-loop economy, a very different model from Istanbulkart.
Laws & Regulations
BSMV stands for Banking and Insurance Transaction Tax, levied on banking and insurance transactions. This post explains how it applies to payment institutions and e-money institutions under Expense Taxes General Communiqué No. 91, with an example.
Chargeback
A chargeback is when a cardholder asks the issuing bank to refund a transaction made without their knowledge. It cannot be prevented entirely, but simple precautions can minimize the risk. Here is how the process works and what cardholders should do.
Payment Systems
An official BRSA letter to banks announced an update to the PIN-free contactless payment limit. From January 15, 2026, contactless payments of up to 2,500 TL can be made without entering a PIN, up from the current 1,500 TL.
Merchant & POS
Partial Authorization lets an issuer approve part of a transaction instead of declining it when the balance or limit is insufficient. This post covers how it works in ISO 8583, whether it is mandatory, and why it matters for the business.
Security
The first transaction made after a customer's card data is stored with a merchant is called the First Credential-On-File transaction. BKM expects it to be flagged with the value "C" in switch message field DE48.PDS86, and BRSA draft rules govern how card data may be stored.
Credit Card
It is a CVV2/CVC2 code that changes every few minutes instead of the static code printed on the back of a credit card, aimed at reducing fraud risk in CNP (Card Not Present) transactions.
Credit Card
In credit card transactions made through a POS, receiving approval alone is not enough for the transaction to post to the card's statement period; settlement must also take place. The settlement period, known as the open-authorization waiting time, varies by transaction type.