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Online & Authorization
The Application Transaction Counter is the number of transactions made with the card so far. It increases by 1 with each transaction and can also be used as a transaction number, making transactions easier to track.
EMV
The GET DATA command is used to retrieve a primitive data object that is not encapsulated in a record within the current application. It is used to retrieve certain primitive data objects interpreted by the application on the ICC.
Merchant & POS
The Upper Consecutive Offline Limit is the maximum number of consecutive offline transactions allowed by the issuer's chip card application on a terminal that cannot go online. It is held in tag 9F23.
Online & Authorization
In EMV, data is stored in Tag-Length-Value (TLV) format, and it is carried between the card, the POS terminal, and the authorization system in this same format. This post lists every EMV Tag, its type, and its description.
HCE
The token used in HCE transactions contains more than just a new number derived from the card number. It also includes single-use keys, an expiration date, RSA keys and certificates, transaction limits, and an Application Transaction Counter (ATC).
Online & Authorization
TLV is a data storage method used to speed up the parsing of data. For example, reading data from a card's chip at a POS and carrying it through authorization uses the TLV structure.
HCE
The HCE cloud-based security infrastructure consists of four main pillars: Tokenization, Risk Management, Session Keys, and User/Device Authentication. Tokenization indicates the type of token generation, and there are three different tokenization methods.