Merchant & POS
What Is a Letter of Approval (LoA)?
A Letter of Approval (LoA) is a written approval from a card scheme or certification body letting a company proceed with a certified function. Learn how it works.
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"Letter of Approval"
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Merchant & POS
What certifications must a POS complete to support MasterCard, Visa, and Troy cards?
For a POS device to process a transaction with a card issued under a payment scheme such as MasterCard or Visa, the device must complete the required certifications for that scheme. First, the acquiring bank must clarify several points before entering certification.
Chargeback
What are the chargeback dispute types?
A chargeback is a dispute raised against a card transaction when the cardholder did not make it or does not recall it. The dispute types vary depending on the situation; let's look at them.
Chargeback
What Are the American Express Chargeback Reason Codes?
Chargeback reason codes vary by card scheme. The Amex chargeback reason codes and their descriptions are listed below: American Express Chargeback Reason Codes A01 The charge you submitted did not receive a valid authorization approval code for the amount...
Credit Card
What Products and Services Does KKB Offer Directly to Members?
KKB was established, under banking law, to enable the exchange of all kinds of information and documents among at least five banks, and it also shares credit information about customers. The Credit Bureau of Turkey also serves deposit banks, participation banks, financial institutions, and more.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
Amendments Made to the Communiqué on Information Systems of Payment and Electronic Money Institutions and Data Sharing Services of Payment Service Providers
On 7 October 2023, the CBRT amended the Communiqué on Information Systems of Payment and E-Money Institutions and Data Sharing Services of Payment Service Providers, first published on 1 December 2021. Links to the new text, a comparison table and a detailed summary of changes follow.
ATM
What Is an ATM?
ATM stands for Automated Teller Machine, an electronic device that lets customers carry out account transactions with or without a card. It was invented in 1960 by John Shepherd-Barron. The first ATM in Turkey was installed in 1982.