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ATM cash dispenser mechanism distributing banknotes

ATM

What Are the Cash Dispensing Algorithms Used in ATMs?

ATMs are important transaction points that let customers handle financial transactions without visiting a bank branch. 24/7 availability matters for customer satisfaction, so banks take steps to reduce both operational and cash costs.

Diagram illustrating the Greedy Algorithm used for ATM cash withdrawals

ATM

What is the Greedy Algorithm?

In payment systems, the Greedy Algorithm is used to give the customer the minimum number of banknotes when withdrawing cash from an ATM. The algorithm used varies from bank to bank, since ATM cash capacity and transaction volume differ. For example...

Illustration showing how the Luhn algorithm calculates and validates a credit card check digit

Credit Card

How is a credit card number generated? (Luhn Algorithm)

The Luhn algorithm was developed by Hans Peter Luhn and IBM in 1954. It is also known as the Luhn Check or Mod Check. It is used in two ways: preparing a given number according to the Luhn algorithm, and validating a given number using the Luhn algorithm.

Example of an EAN-13 barcode number

Courier & Delivery

What is the Barcode Generation Algorithm?

Barcode numbers are essential for the Courier system, since cards are distributed using the barcode number. So does the barcode number have a generation algorithm, or is it just randomly generated? The barcode number does have a generation algorithm.

Illustration for a glossary of cryptocurrency terms such as Bitcoin, blockchain and mining

Cryptocurrency

What Are the Terms Used in the Cryptocurrency World?

Cryptocurrencies are becoming part of everyday life and are expected to compete seriously with card payments. This glossary explains the key crypto terms, from address, altcoin and arbitrage to halving, mining, proof of stake and stop-loss.

Diagram illustrating the RSA encryption algorithm

HSM & Security

What is RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adleman) Key?

RSA, first used by Rivest, Shamir and Adleman, is a security algorithm used in digital cryptography. RSA differs from older symmetric algorithms because it enables digital signing and advanced encryption for e-commerce systems and high-profile institutions.

Illustration representing the products and services KKB offers directly to its member institutions

Credit Card

What Products and Services Does KKB Offer Directly to Members?

KKB was established, under banking law, to enable the exchange of all kinds of information and documents among at least five banks, and it also shares credit information about customers. The Credit Bureau of Turkey also serves deposit banks, participation banks, financial institutions, and more.

Diagram illustrating White Box Cryptography (WBC) for securing open devices

HSM & Security

What is White Box Cryptography (WBC)?

White Box Cryptography (WBC) is an important technology used to minimize security risks for open devices such as smartphones. It is a new technique against attacks targeting white-box attack environments.

Major Industry Identifier digit chart for credit card numbers

Credit Card

What is Major Industry Identifier (MII)?

Major Industry Identifier (MII) is the first digit of a credit card number, representing the category of the institution that issued the card. The MII values and their corresponding categories are listed below.

Diagram illustrating the structure of an Issuer Identification Number (IIN) on a payment card

Credit Card

What is an Issuer Identification Number (IIN)?

Issuer Identification Number (IIN) is the first 6 digits of 16-digit cards and the first 8 digits of 19-digit cards. It is more commonly known as BIN (Bank Identification Number). Learn what the IIN table holds and how to look one up.