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Online & Authorization
When a card transaction is made abroad, banks usually calculate the cost from a percentage commission, a fixed commission, and an exchange rate margin. The flow starts when the customer requests a cash withdrawal at a foreign ATM.
Merchant & POS
Whether a card is required for a pre-authorization transaction depends on the type of POS used. On a physical POS, the card must be swiped or inserted to start the transaction. On a virtual POS, entering the card details manually is enough.
Payment Systems
Law No. 7192 amends Law No. 6493 and brings changes on payment services, e-money and open banking, including the transfer of regulatory and supervisory powers from the BRSA to the CBRT and the addition of PSD2-style services.
Payment Systems
Every payment transaction completes in seconds, yet dozens of controls run behind the scenes. This post covers the precautions for authorization and clearing, the critical role of reversals, and the financial loss scenarios most often seen in the field.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
The Law defines e-money as monetary value issued in exchange for funds accepted by the issuer, stored electronically, used for payment transactions and accepted as a payment instrument by persons other than the issuer. This post explains e-money institutions and the services they may provide.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
A payment institution is a legal entity authorized under the Law to provide and execute payment services. It must be a joint stock company meeting the conditions in Article 14 of Law No. 6493. This post sets out the services listed in Article 12 and the exclusions.
Merchant & POS
Partial Authorization lets an issuer approve part of a transaction instead of declining it when the balance or limit is insufficient. This post covers how it works in ISO 8583, whether it is mandatory, and why it matters for the business.
Laws & Regulations
The purpose of this Law is to protect competition by preventing agreements, decisions and practices that restrict competition in goods and services markets, and the abuse of dominance by dominant undertakings.
Payment Systems
Foreign Currency POS is the POS software that lets merchants process transactions in a foreign currency. Terminals without it can only collect payments in Turkish lira. It comes in two common forms: Multicurrency POS and DCC POS (Dynamic Currency Conversion).
Credit Card
Published by Mastercard on 24 May 2019, the Data Integrity Monitoring Program monitors transactions (authorization, clearing, chip, chargeback, etc.) in the Mastercard system to reduce erroneous transactions and increase transaction success rates.
Payment Systems
Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) is a security requirement introduced under the EU's Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2) to increase security and reduce fraud in online payment transactions. SCA requires two of three independent authentication factors.
Merchant & POS
Virtual POS is the software-based, security-enhanced equivalent of the physical POS devices used for card payments at merchants, designed for online shopping. It is not issued to individual customers, only to sole proprietorships, companies, or foundations and associations.