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POS terminal device used for processing card transactions

Online & Authorization

Response Codes That Can Be Received in Offline Transactions

Below are the possible response code values for offline transactions and their explanations: Response Code / Explanation - Y1: Approved offline, Z1: Declined offline, Y2: Approved after referral, and more.

Table of ISO 8583 response codes that trigger card capture

Merchant & POS

What Are the Card Capture Error Codes?

Response codes returned on payment transactions are critical for managing next steps. Curious which error codes trigger card capture? Under ISO 8583, codes 04, 07, 33, 34, 36, 38, 41 and 43 all result in the card being captured.

Diagram of the online authorization flow for below-CVM-limit contactless transactions

Payment Systems

Domestic Flow Change Made for Below-CVM-Limit Online Contactless Transactions

The domestic authorization flow for below-CVM-limit online contactless transactions has changed. Issuers can now ask the cardholder for a PIN or request card insertion instead of simply approving or declining. This post explains the CVM list and the new DE48 PDS22 and DE39 = 65 message flows.

Illustration of a card payment approved for a partial amount

Merchant & POS

What Is Partial Authorization?

Partial Authorization lets an issuer approve part of a transaction instead of declining it when the balance or limit is insufficient. This post covers how it works in ISO 8583, whether it is mandatory, and why it matters for the business.

Photo of a POS terminal related to EMV Issuer Action Code settings

Online & Authorization

Issuer Action Code (IAC)

These are codes that communicate the issuer's conditions for approving a transaction online (IAC-Online), for declining it (IAC-Denial), or for declining it when the terminal cannot go online (IAC-Default).

Photo of a POS terminal related to Terminal Action Code settings

Merchant & POS

Terminal Action Code (TAC)

These are codes placed into the terminal software by the acquirer that govern the rules for whether transactions go online or are declined, covering offline approval, offline decline, and online submission due to issuer risk...

Table showing payment system response code values that indicate transaction approval

Online & Authorization

What Are the Response Code Values That Mean Approval?

In payment systems, the result of a transaction is sent in the F39 field. The F39 value is the code indicating the transaction's approval or decline status. It is a 2-character alphanumeric code. When approved, the value is usually 00.

Diagram showing the structure of the Card Verification Results (CVR) data element

Credit Card

CVR (Card Verification Results)

CVR (Card Verification Results) refers to the results of checks performed on the card. In short, it can be described as keeping the card's transaction log. BYTE 1 Bit 8-7: 00 = The second GENERATE AC command returned an AAC cryptogram (decline)...

ISO 8583 field table showing the F38 authorization identification response field

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F38)

DE 38 (AUTHORIZATION IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE) is the authorization code generated when a transaction is approved. It is alphanumeric, 6 characters long, and left empty for declined transactions.

POS terminal used for EMV card payment processing

Merchant & POS

TVR (Terminal Verification Results)

Terminal Verification Results (TVR): a sequence of bits produced when a terminal reads an EMV card, based on logical checks such as an expired card. This data object is used to decide whether a payment transaction should be accepted online, declined, or allowed to proceed.