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Diagram illustrating TCR (Transaction Record Component) packets used in payment clearing and settlement files

Payment Systems

What Is TCR (Transaction Record Component)?

TCR stands for Transaction Record Component, the packets that carry transaction information in a clearing system. Transaction types in a clearing file are distinguished by transaction code and usage code values, and this data is sent inside TCR packets.

Illustration showing how an Application Identifier (AID) is used in a chip card transaction

EMV

What is an Application Identifier (AID)?

The AID tells the terminal which applications are present on a chip during a POS or ATM transaction. What does the AID do? It lets the terminal determine whether it supports an application on the chip. In Tag 9F06, it is 5-16 digits long.

Illustration representing electronic payment systems

Payment Systems

What are Payment Systems?

Let's talk about payment systems, which we have heard more about since the internet entered our lives, and the basic structures behind them. The first credit card in the world was used in America in the 1920s.

Illustration of embedded finance, with payment, credit, insurance and investment services built into everyday digital platforms

Open Banking

What Is Embedded Finance?

Embedded Finance means integrating financial products and services into non-financial platforms, experiences or business processes. In other words, services offered by financial institutions become part of the product or service flows of non-financial organizations.

Major Industry Identifier digit chart for credit card numbers

Credit Card

What is Major Industry Identifier (MII)?

Major Industry Identifier (MII) is the first digit of a credit card number, representing the category of the institution that issued the card. The MII values and their corresponding categories are listed below.

BKM March 2020 card payment statistics chart showing the rise in contactless and online payments

Credit Card

Did We #StayHome? (Based on BKM March 2020 Data)

The coronavirus has turned the past month into a new way of life. How will these changes affect payment systems? This post reviews the March 2020 data announced by BKM, including the surge in contactless and online card payments.

Diagram illustrating the structure of ISO 8583 Field 53, PIN Encryption Control Information

Online & Authorization

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F53)

F53 - PIN Encryption Control Information. When online PIN data is present, sending the F53 value is mandatory, except when DUKPT information is carried in Field 63, Tag 01. F53 consists of the following components.

ATM PIN pad used for entering a card PIN

ATM

How is PIN verification performed at an ATM?

At payment points such as ATMs and POS terminals, the most critical step is PIN verification or verifying the customer through their identity information. However, since ATMs cannot verify a customer's identity, PIN verification becomes more important. So how is it performed?