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"Debit and Credit Cards"

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UnionPay logo

Merchant & POS

What Is UnionPay?

UnionPay International (UPI) is a China UnionPay subsidiary founded in November 2012. Together with more than 1,000 institutions worldwide, UPI provides international card acceptance in 160 countries and card issuance in more than 40 countries and regions.

Illustration of customer-based contactless card limit management

Payment Systems

Can a Card's Contactless Limit Be Managed on a Per-Customer Basis?

Contactless payment has greatly improved the user experience, yet its fixed transaction limit is a common complaint. Can this limit be managed dynamically per customer? This post covers the current situation, technical and regulatory requirements and the outlook.

Illustration of Third Party Provider (TPP) roles in Open Banking, including PISP and AISP

Payment Institutions & E-Money

What is a Third Party Provider (TPP)?

The term 'Third Party Provider' refers to an authorized online service provider introduced under Open Banking. These are systems outside a customer's relationship with their bank that mediate the transaction. So how many types of third party provider are there? Two.

Illustration representing digital payment methods such as cards and mobile wallets

Merchant & POS

What is Digital Payment?

Payments made over the internet are called digital payments. Card payments, cryptocurrency, and online banking transfers all fall within the scope of digital payment, along with mobile wallets and QR code payments.

POS terminal used for processing card payments at a merchant

Merchant & POS

How Does a POS Device Communicate with the POS Bank?

A POS is a functional device with its own dedicated software, customized to the authorization system of the bank it is connected to, that accepts credit or debit cards. The POS and the authorization system communicate using the ISO 8583 standard.

Diagram showing the pre-authorization closing process flow on a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What Is Pre-Authorization Closing?

Pre-authorization closing turns a pre-authorized transaction into a financial one, posting it to the merchant and cardholder accounts. See how amounts and available limit are affected.

Diagram showing how an open authorization moves to a card statement after batch close and clearing

Credit Card

What Is an Open Authorization?

In credit card transactions made through a POS, receiving approval alone is not enough for the transaction to post to the card's statement period; settlement must also take place. The settlement period, known as the open-authorization waiting time, varies by transaction type.

Illustration of a person-to-person (P2P) mobile payment transfer

Credit Card

What is Person-to-Person Payment (P2P)?

Person-to-person payments (P2P) is an online technology that lets users transfer money from their bank or credit card accounts to another person's account over the internet or a mobile phone. Examples of such apps include PayPal, Venmo, and Cash App.