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Application Unblock command structure diagram

EMV

What is the Application Unblock command?

The Application Unblock command removes the block placed on an application by the Application Block command, making the application usable again. Like Application Block, it is a command sequence managed after the card is presented to the terminal.

Diagram illustrating the PIN Try Counter concept on a payment card chip

Credit Card

What Is PIN (Personal Identification Number) Try Counter?

The PIN Try Counter is a value stored on the card's chip showing the number of remaining offline PIN attempts. Each incorrect offline PIN entry decreases it by 1, and it resets when the correct PIN is entered.

Diagram illustrating how a transaction's 3D Secure authentication level is determined

3D Secure

How is a transaction's 3D Secure level determined?

Especially with the growth of the internet, credit card transactions have started shifting from physical POS terminals to virtual POS terminals. In virtual transactions, the 3D Secure structure is used instead of the card PIN entered in physical transactions. So how is a transaction's…

Illustration of a Zone PIN Key (ZPK) protecting PIN data in a payment network

HSM & Security

What is ZPK (Zone PIN Key)?

ZPK, also known as the PIN Protection Key, is a data encryption key that is distributed automatically and used to encrypt PINs. It is also referred to as the 'Working Key'. This key allows PIN information to be carried securely across the network.

Collection POS web-based payment management dashboard

Merchant & POS

What is a Collection POS?

A Collection POS is a secure, web-based payment platform through which businesses and institutions manage their collections and generate the reports they need. Many similar products exist on the market under different names.

Diagram illustrating the structure of ISO 8583 Field 53, PIN Encryption Control Information

Online & Authorization

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F53)

F53 - PIN Encryption Control Information. When online PIN data is present, sending the F53 value is mandatory, except when DUKPT information is carried in Field 63, Tag 01. F53 consists of the following components.

Contactless payment card being tapped on a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

Can a contact/contactless transaction be processed offline?

An offline transaction is one in which the card and POS terminal approve the transaction based on their own parameters, without contacting their banks. Whether contact or contactless, the device decides whether the transaction is processed offline.

A POS terminal screen for changing the batch number

Merchant & POS

How to Change the POS Batch Number

The batch number is kept on the POS, incremented by 1 at each end of day, used to transfer transactions to the merchant account and for reconciliation. It's tracked on both the POS and the bank's system.

Illustration representing a POS batch number counter

Merchant & POS

What Is a Batch Number?

The batch number is kept on the POS, incremented by 1 at each end of day, used to transfer transactions to the merchant account and for reconciliation. It's tracked on both the POS and the bank's system.

New BIN card product launch process

Credit Card

What Happens When a Product Is Launched Under a New BIN?

When banks launch a new card product, they can do it under an existing BIN or a new one. A new BIN requires much more work: BKM announces it, every bank defines it and every POS has to download it.

Diagram of symmetric key types used in payment systems

HSM & Security

Types of Symmetric Keys

In the world of payment systems, keys and their uses are important for transferring information from one place to another, storing information, and securing authorization and scripting steps. Key types are divided into six categories based on their purpose.

ATM PIN pad used for entering a card PIN

ATM

How is PIN verification performed at an ATM?

At payment points such as ATMs and POS terminals, the most critical step is PIN verification or verifying the customer through their identity information. However, since ATMs cannot verify a customer's identity, PIN verification becomes more important. So how is it performed?