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ISO 8583 field table showing the F38 authorization identification response field

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F38)

DE 38 (AUTHORIZATION IDENTIFICATION RESPONSE) is the authorization code generated when a transaction is approved. It is alphanumeric, 6 characters long, and left empty for declined transactions.

Diagram showing the flow of incoming and outgoing files in the clearing system between banks

Clearing

Clearing System Files: Incoming and Outgoing Files

The clearing system settles a transaction between two participants when a card from one bank is used at another bank's POS or ATM. Learn about the incoming and outgoing files used in interbank clearing.

Photo of a POS terminal related to Terminal Action Code settings

Merchant & POS

Terminal Action Code (TAC)

These are codes placed into the terminal software by the acquirer that govern the rules for whether transactions go online or are declined, covering offline approval, offline decline, and online submission due to issuer risk...

BKM Central POS Database (MPV) illustration

Merchant & POS

What Is MPV (Central POS Database)?

MPV stands for Merkezi POS Veritabanı (Central POS Database), BKM's shared database of all POS terminals operated by its card-accepting members, used for support, statistics, fraud analysis and the Common POS Management System.

Diagram illustrating how a contactless offline transaction is processed

Merchant & POS

Can a Contactless Offline Transaction Occur?

A contactless offline transaction can occur. If the amount is lower than the floor limit defined on the POS and the card also allows offline authorization, the transaction can be completed offline. Offline transactions are periodically sent by the POS to the acquiring bank.

Diagram illustrating how a POS terminal's floor limit determines offline transaction approval

Merchant & POS

What Is a Floor Limit?

The floor limit is the value held on the POS that determines the maximum amount for which an offline transaction can be approved. It is managed per terminal and can be updated at any time through the POS parameter management system.

ATM machine card slot

ATM

Why Does an ATM Swallow Your Card?

ATMs make many banking transactions faster and easier, but like any electronic device they can run into trouble, including swallowing your card. Here is why it happens and what to do.

Shopper at an online checkout seeing a failed payment message because of an insufficient funds check

Online & Authorization

Why Do Your Payments Fail? How Funds Confirmation APIs Solve It

You press the pay button and the screen says the transaction failed. Behind that failure are checks on your balance and transaction security. This post explains how funds confirmation APIs work, where they apply, and the situation in Turkey's open banking.