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Overview of card scheme organizations such as Troy, Visa and Mastercard

Laws & Regulations

What Is a Card Scheme Organization?

A card scheme organization establishes a debit, credit or prepaid card system and authorizes entities to issue cards or sign merchant agreements. Troy, Visa, Mastercard, American Express, JCB and MIR are examples. This post explains how ATM and POS certification works.

Illustration of the Mastercard Data Integrity Monitoring Program for transaction data quality

Credit Card

What Is the Data Integrity Monitoring Program?

Published by Mastercard on 24 May 2019, the Data Integrity Monitoring Program monitors transactions (authorization, clearing, chip, chargeback, etc.) in the Mastercard system to reduce erroneous transactions and increase transaction success rates.

Diagram illustrating a Not Onus transaction between the issuer and acquirer

Merchant & POS

What does Not Onus mean?

Not Onus is a payment systems term meaning "Not On Us": a situation where the card-issuing bank and the POS/ATM (acquiring) bank differ. Such transactions are settled through clearing between the two banks.

Diagram illustrating a bank's OnUs transaction flow and the process of opening ATMs to other banks' cards

ATM

What needs to be done to open ATMs to the use of all bank cards?

Suppose you are a newly established bank, wanting to offer customers all your products and services. Of course, this is not easy. First, the Bank's OnUs transaction processing step must run successfully before other banks' cards can be accepted at the ATMs.

Diagram explaining how an offline chip card transaction is approved without contacting the bank

Merchant & POS

What Is an Offline Transaction?

When a chip card transaction is made at a POS, it may be approved by the card and the POS alone, without reaching any system (issuer or acquirer). When do the issuer and acquirer find out about it?

Illustration of POS terminal certification testing for Visa and MasterCard payment schemes

Merchant & POS

What are Visa ADVT & VpTT and MasterCard M-TIP?

In order for a bank's POS devices to process transactions with payment scheme cards (Visa, MasterCard, Troy, etc.), they must pass certain test and control steps. Visa and MasterCard have test tools that include test cards and test scenarios for this purpose…

Photo of a POS terminal related to Terminal Action Code settings

Merchant & POS

Terminal Action Code (TAC)

These are codes placed into the terminal software by the acquirer that govern the rules for whether transactions go online or are declined, covering offline approval, offline decline, and online submission due to issuer risk...

Illustration representing the chargeback and dispute process in card payments

Chargeback

What Are the Domestic Exceptions to Chargeback Rules?

A chargeback is the refund of an amount paid by credit card to the cardholder's card when the purchased goods or services were not received, or when a transaction was not actually carried out by the cardholder.

Illustration representing the Mir payment card scheme

Merchant & POS

2 Turkish Banks Agreed to Accept the Mir Payment System

In Turkey, there are 3 payment schemes we are used to seeing: MasterCard, Visa, and Troy. American Express and Diners Club are also used, though less widely. Russia's Central Bank recently said two Turkish banks are preparing to accept Mir cards.

Diagram illustrating the card payment arbitration process

Chargeback

What is Arbitration?

Arbitration, by definition, is a dispute resolution method in which disputes are settled by arbitrators the parties choose themselves, rather than by official courts. In payment systems, it follows a chargeback when the issuer and acquirer cannot agree.