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22 articles found
Merchant & POS
UnionPay International (UPI) is a China UnionPay subsidiary founded in November 2012. Together with more than 1,000 institutions worldwide, UPI provides international card acceptance in 160 countries and card issuance in more than 40 countries and regions.
Merchant & POS
Partial authorization lets an issuer approve part of the requested amount when the card lacks the full balance, with the rest paid another way. This post covers the technical, receipt, clearing, reconciliation, merchant and certification requirements for acquirers.
Payment Systems
After switching to response code 70 for contactless limit-exceeded cases, we found that some overseas POS devices and acquirers did not handle it as expected. This post covers why the problem lies in the ecosystem and how to address it.
Laws & Regulations
A prepaid card used only in brand X's stores is considered to be used “only within a limited network of service providers”, and therefore outside the scope of the Law under Article 18(5). Each business model must still be assessed separately.
Payment Systems
Contactless payment has greatly improved the user experience, yet its fixed transaction limit is a common complaint. Can this limit be managed dynamically per customer? This post covers the current situation, technical and regulatory requirements and the outlook.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
A company that collects online payments through its own virtual POS and pays merchants on agreed dates is providing a payment service, and it needs a license from the Board unless an exemption applies.
Payment Institutions & E-Money
On 7 October 2023, the CBRT amended the Communiqué on Information Systems of Payment and E-Money Institutions and Data Sharing Services of Payment Service Providers, first published on 1 December 2021. Links to the new text, a comparison table and a detailed summary of changes follow.
Payment Systems
How do banks fund so many points, bonuses, and discounts? This post explains the credit card profitability model: merchant commissions, interchange, interest income, installments, and why campaigns are an investment in transaction volume rather than a cost.
EMV
The AID tells the terminal which applications are present on a chip during a POS or ATM transaction. What does the AID do? It lets the terminal determine whether it supports an application on the chip. In Tag 9F06, it is 5-16 digits long.
Credit Card
A combo card is a next-generation card that combines both a credit card and a debit card on a single card. Although designs vary visually, the front typically carries the credit card information and the back the debit card information.