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"Processing Code"

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ISO 8583 field 35 Track 2 data

ISO 8583

ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F35)

The card's Track 2 data is carried in this field. Track 2 data contains information such as the card number, expiry date and service code.

Diagram showing the CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) Indicator field used in payment authorization messages

Merchant & POS

What is the CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) Indicator?

CAT (Cardholder Activated Terminal) devices are typically unattended terminals that accept various payment cards. These terminals are frequently installed at railway ticket stations, gas stations, toll roads, parking lots, and other commercial locations.

Diagram showing the Terminal Authentication Key (TAK) concept

HSM & Security

What is TAK (Terminal Authentication Key)?

TAK stands for Terminal Authentication Key. It is the data encryption key used to generate and verify a Message Authentication Code (MAC) for data communication between a terminal and the acquirer within a local network.

TR Karekod national QR code logo for payments in Turkey

Merchant & POS

The Logo of Our National QR Code, TR Karekod, Has Been Announced

In the world of payment systems, there are new developments every day in both accepting payments and payment methods. QR code payments will undoubtedly become more common in the coming days, and we will make payments with QR codes in many places.

Diagram explaining 3D Secure, Half 3D, and Non 3D e-commerce transaction levels

Merchant & POS

What is an E-commerce Transaction?

E-Commerce can briefly be described as the sale and purchase of products over the internet, a term used since 1969. Virtual POS operates behind e-commerce transactions, which take place at different levels: Non 3D, Half 3D, and Full 3D Secure.

Illustration of a closed-loop payment ecosystem growing through loyalty, data, and new services

Closed-Loop Payments

Why Do Closed-Loop Payment Systems Want to Grow? | Series #6

Why does a coffee chain build its own loyalty program, and why does a payment app keep adding services? This post looks at how loyalty, data, and new services drive the growth of closed-loop payment systems, and at the financial layers behind that growth.

Diagram showing 3D Secure, Half 3D Secure, and Non-3D Secure transaction flows based on VERes and PARes response codes

Payment Systems

What is a Half 3D Secure transaction?

A Half 3D Secure transaction is, in short, the term used when the merchant supports 3D Secure but the card does not. Can such transactions occur as 3D Secure/Half Secure when the merchant does not support 3D Secure? A transaction started without the 3D process is treated as Non-Secure.

Diagram illustrating the appeal stage of the card dispute and chargeback process between issuer, acquirer and card scheme

Payment Systems

What Is an Appeal? What Does It Mean in Payment Systems?

In payment systems, an “appeal” is the process of objecting to the outcome of a transaction dispute. It is usually discussed alongside chargebacks, but it plays a critical role in interbank dispute resolution, when a party asks the card scheme to re-evaluate a concluded decision.

Diagram illustrating how a transaction's 3D Secure authentication level is determined

3D Secure

How is a transaction's 3D Secure level determined?

Especially with the growth of the internet, credit card transactions have started shifting from physical POS terminals to virtual POS terminals. In virtual transactions, the 3D Secure structure is used instead of the card PIN entered in physical transactions. So how is a transaction's…

Diagram of a first credential-on-file transaction using stored card data

Security

What is the First Credential-On-File transaction?

The first transaction made after a customer's card data is stored with a merchant is called the First Credential-On-File transaction. BKM expects it to be flagged with the value "C" in switch message field DE48.PDS86, and BRSA draft rules govern how card data may be stored.

Photo of a POS terminal related to EMV Issuer Action Code settings

Online & Authorization

Issuer Action Code (IAC)

These are codes that communicate the issuer's conditions for approving a transaction online (IAC-Online), for declining it (IAC-Denial), or for declining it when the terminal cannot go online (IAC-Default).