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Online & Authorization
A reference guide to authorization response codes seen on POS and ATM transactions, with plain-language explanations of what each code means and what to do about it.
Payment Systems
Chargeback reason codes differ by card scheme. Here is the list of Discover chargeback reason codes and their descriptions, along with how merchants can use them.
Security
Fraud cases where scammers pose as bank staff or other institution employees to obtain citizens' banking information have increased significantly recently. Interestingly, the new fraud trend closely mirrors the steps of a genuine banking procedure.
Chargeback
Chargeback reason codes vary by card scheme. The Amex chargeback reason codes and their descriptions are listed below: American Express Chargeback Reason Codes A01 The charge you submitted did not receive a valid authorization approval code for the amount...
Credit Card
As credit card use grows, so does the importance of raising your limit to keep pace with inflation. Learn how periodic limit increases work, who qualifies, and the legal caps that apply.
Merchant & POS
In daily credit card purchases, the POS produces two receipts: the Customer Copy and the Merchant Copy. The cardholder gets the customer copy; the merchant keeps its own copy by law.
Laws & Regulations
Law No. 6502 on Consumer Protection aims to protect consumers' health, safety and economic interests, compensate their losses and inform them. It covers all consumer transactions and practices aimed at consumers.
Payment Systems
Here are the Mastercard and Visa chargeback reason codes that require a cardholder letter and/or supporting documentation, with their descriptions.
Merchant & POS
A virtual POS is a payment platform that enables online payments by credit or debit card. Banks also give merchants interfaces for mail order, pre-authorization, cancellations and refunds.
Merchant & POS
Loading parameters onto a POS transfers BIN lists, key data, and refund/cancellation authorizations from the management system onto the terminal. Learn how and when it happens.
Laws & Regulations
A payment institution is a legal entity that provides payment services for electronic payments through the infrastructure it offers. This article covers the Turkish regulatory framework, licensing, safeguarding, supervision, penalties and taxation.
Chargeback
A chargeback is when a cardholder asks the issuing bank to refund a transaction made without their knowledge. It cannot be prevented entirely, but simple precautions can minimize the risk. Here is how the process works and what cardholders should do.