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POS terminal used for EMV card payment processing

Merchant & POS

TVR (Terminal Verification Results)

Terminal Verification Results (TVR): a sequence of bits produced when a terminal reads an EMV card, based on logical checks such as an expired card. This data object is used to decide whether a payment transaction should be accepted online, declined, or allowed to proceed.

Diagram illustrating the appeal stage of the card dispute and chargeback process between issuer, acquirer and card scheme

Payment Systems

What Is an Appeal? What Does It Mean in Payment Systems?

In payment systems, an “appeal” is the process of objecting to the outcome of a transaction dispute. It is usually discussed alongside chargebacks, but it plays a critical role in interbank dispute resolution, when a party asks the card scheme to re-evaluate a concluded decision.

Illustration of a physician POS (doctor POS) device used in medical practices

Merchant & POS

What is Physician POS (Doctor POS)?

Doctor POS devices are POS terminals designed for physicians, dentists, and veterinarians who are income taxpayers, meeting the requirements set out in the General Communique of the Tax Procedure Law (VUK).

Diagram of HSM use case areas in security and payment systems

HSM & Security

What Is an HSM? What Is It Used For?

HSM, short for Hardware Security Module, is specialized security hardware built to store sensitive cryptographic keys in a physical environment and to perform cryptographic operations in the most secure way.

Screenshot of an Address Verification Service (AVS) response code table

Merchant & POS

What is Address Verification Service (AVS)?

Address Verification Service (AVS) is a fraud prevention system that helps limit fraud and chargebacks when used effectively. It verifies that the address a customer enters matches the cardholder's address on file with the issuer.

Diagram illustrating the stages a credit card goes through from application to delivery

Credit Card

What stages does a credit card go through before reaching the customer?

Credit cards are undoubtedly the most important payment tool for most of us when shopping. So what stages does a credit card or debit card go through before it reaches our pocket? The customer submits a card application request, and the process continues from there.

Cover of the EMVCo Software-based Mobile Payment Security Requirements document

Security

What is Software-based Mobile Payment Security Requirements?

“Software-based Mobile Payment Security Requirements” is a document published by EMVCo in April 2020 to guide payment application developers in building secure payment applications. This post summarizes its purpose and who it concerns.

PIN pad device connected to a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What Is a PIN Pad Device?

A PIN pad lets cardholders safely enter their PIN during POS transactions and lets contactless cards be tapped to transfer card data to the POS. Here is how it works.

Virtual POS (VPOS) online payment interface screenshot

Merchant & POS

What is VPOS (Virtual POS)?

VPOS (Virtual POS) is the software-based, security-enhanced equivalent of the physical POS devices used for card payments at merchants, used for purchases made over the internet. It is also known as Virtual POS. VPOS is not issued to individual customers.

Diagram showing Electronic Commerce Indicator values used in 3D Secure transactions

Online & Authorization

What is the Electronic Commerce Indicator (ECI)?

Electronic Commerce Indicator (ECI) is a 2-digit value generated by payment schemes (Visa, MasterCard, etc.) in 3D Secure transactions to determine the transaction's security level (Full 3D Secure, Half 3D Secure, Non 3D Secure), and it varies by payment scheme.

Virtual POS payment system diagram for online card transactions

Merchant & POS

What Is Virtual POS?

Virtual POS is the software-based, security-enhanced equivalent of the physical POS devices used for card payments at merchants, designed for online shopping. It is not issued to individual customers, only to sole proprietorships, companies, or foundations and associations.

Illustration representing electronic payment systems

Payment Systems

What are Payment Systems?

Let's talk about payment systems, which we have heard more about since the internet entered our lives, and the basic structures behind them. The first credit card in the world was used in America in the 1920s.