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Illustration representing the products and services KKB offers directly to its member institutions

Credit Card

What Products and Services Does KKB Offer Directly to Members?

KKB was established, under banking law, to enable the exchange of all kinds of information and documents among at least five banks, and it also shares credit information about customers. The Credit Bureau of Turkey also serves deposit banks, participation banks, financial institutions, and more.

Comparison of online and offline token verification in payment transactions

HCE

What Are Transaction-Based (Online/Offline) Token Types?

Token types vary depending on the verification method used in a transaction. In offline transactions, general checks are performed by the mobile app and card reader without any verification in the card system. In online transactions, token verification is sent to and verified by the issuer.

Contactless card payment at a POS terminal, illustrating the increased PIN-free transaction limit of 2,500 TL

Payment Systems

PIN-Free Contactless Payment Limit Rises to 2,500 TL

An official BRSA letter to banks announced an update to the PIN-free contactless payment limit. From January 15, 2026, contactless payments of up to 2,500 TL can be made without entering a PIN, up from the current 1,500 TL.

ATM cash trapping device attached to the cash dispenser slot

ATM

What is Cash Trapping?

Cash trapping is a type of ATM fraud in which criminals install a device on the ATM or interfere with its operation to trap dispensed cash, making it difficult to detect until the fraudster returns to retrieve the trapped money.

POS terminal device used for processing card payments

Merchant & POS

What is MIV (Central Merchant Database)?

MIV stands for Central Merchant Database. The MIV Module collects information on merchants across Turkey and the TRNC that have card acceptance agreements with BKM members, and assigns each merchant a unique number for tracking purposes.

Illustration representing electronic payment systems

Payment Systems

What are Payment Systems?

Let's talk about payment systems, which we have heard more about since the internet entered our lives, and the basic structures behind them. The first credit card in the world was used in America in the 1920s.

BKM Central POS Database (MPV) illustration

Merchant & POS

What Is MPV (Central POS Database)?

MPV stands for Merkezi POS Veritabanı (Central POS Database), BKM's shared database of all POS terminals operated by its card-accepting members, used for support, statistics, fraud analysis and the Common POS Management System.

Table listing ISO 4217 currency codes, numeric codes, and minor units for countries worldwide

ATM

What is ISO 4217?

ISO 4217, also known as the currency code standard, defines the three-letter abbreviations assigned to currencies. The ISO 4217 code list is used extensively in banking and business. In some countries, exchange offices rely on these codes alone.

Payment card being checked against a card recovery bulletin of problem cards

Merchant & POS

What Is a Card Recovery Bulletin (Card Protection Bulletin)?

A Card Recovery Bulletin is a list of problem cards (lost, stolen, expired, over-limit, counterfeit or otherwise flagged) published by card schemes such as Visa or MasterCard. It shows whether a card number is listed on the date of purchase.

Diagram illustrating the Remote Key Loading (RKL) process

ATM

What Is RKL (Remote Key Loading)?

RKL is the process of distributing a TMK (Terminal Master Key) to each terminal from a central point. It is used to remotely load keys onto POS and ATM devices, loading TMKs onto an ATM's keypad or activating them on a POS.