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Credit Card
With the advancement of technology, the use of credit cards in online transactions and the variety of payment methods have increased. To make an online transaction with a credit card, you need: Card Number, Expiration Date, and CVV2 (the 3-digit number on the back of the card).
Credit Card
Legally, e-commerce sites should not store card details in their own systems; they should only use them when sending transactions. Unfortunately, some sites do not follow this rule.
Laws & Regulations
The Visa Core Rules and Visa Product and Service Rules documents define the fundamental rules that apply to all institutions in the Visa network. They are updated regularly, and all members are expected to follow the latest version.
Merchant & POS
In EMV-based debit card transactions, PIN verification is decisive for both security and liability. What happens when a card that only supports online PIN is sent to the issuer without a PIN, and the issuer approves it? Who owns the risk?
ATM
One of the most important things to watch when using an ATM is PIN security. Since ATMs handle customers' cash transactions, it is no surprise they are prime targets for fraudsters.
Merchant & POS
When signing a merchant agreement, merchants declare their line of business, which banks record as an MCC (Merchant Category Code). A merchant may only sell products or services within the line of business declared to its bank.
Merchant & POS
Loading parameters onto a POS transfers changes made in the POS Management system (authorization, limits, card BIN list, etc.) onto the POS. There are 3 ways to do it.
Payment Systems
After Russia invaded Ukraine, Visa and Mastercard suspended services for sanctioned Russian banks. This post explains the impact on cardholders and merchants, and Russia's MIR and UnionPay alternatives.
Merchant & POS
With the introduction of chip cards into our lives, the terminal needs to verify the credit card before the transaction. So how is this verification performed? The value calculated and sent by the card is called ARQC (Application Request Cryptogram).
Merchant & POS
A contactless offline transaction can occur. If the amount is lower than the floor limit defined on the POS and the card also allows offline authorization, the transaction can be completed offline. Offline transactions are periodically sent by the POS to the acquiring bank.
Credit Card
The service code is information printed on a card's Track 1 and Track 2 data, covering card type, PIN usage, and domestic/international usage status. It is kept at the product level in bank systems.
Credit Card
In the early years of credit cards, using the card physically was mandatory. With the internet and new technologies, we can now pay with only the card details, 3D Secure and contactless NFC payments, even without the card in hand.