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Animated illustration of a credit card representing dynamic security code technology

Credit Card

What is a Dynamic Card Security Code (CSC)?

It is a CVV2/CVC2 code that changes every few minutes instead of the static code printed on the back of a credit card, aimed at reducing fraud risk in CNP (Card Not Present) transactions.

Illustration of a Terminal Master Key (TMK) securing a payment terminal

HSM & Security

What is TMK (Terminal Master Key)?

TMK stands for Terminal Master Key, a key-encrypting key distributed manually or automatically under a previously established TMK. It is used to distribute data encryption keys to an ATM or POS terminal within a local network.

Illustration of Host Card Emulation (HCE) enabling contactless mobile payments

Online & Authorization

What Is HCE?

HCE lets a mobile device's operating system emulate the cards we use daily (credit, debit, gift cards, etc.) to make contactless payments via NFC. In other words, our phones behave like the cards we use for payments.

Screenshot of a mobile phone showing a digital payment screen, illustrating digitalization and payment systems

Merchant & POS

A look at April 23 through the lens of digitalization and payment systems

Today is April 23, the 100th anniversary of the opening of the Grand National Assembly. Taking Children's Day as a starting point, this post looks at digitalization, Generation Z, blockchain, biometric payments and the cashless society from a payment systems perspective.

Diagram illustrating the card payment arbitration process

Chargeback

What is Arbitration?

Arbitration, by definition, is a dispute resolution method in which disputes are settled by arbitrators the parties choose themselves, rather than by official courts. In payment systems, it follows a chargeback when the issuer and acquirer cannot agree.

Illustration for the question about SMS notifications in mail order transactions

From My Readers

Is there an SMS notification structure for Mail Order transactions?

I occasionally receive questions from my readers, and I answer them by email or through other channels. Since others may have similar questions, I will publish these questions on my site along with the answers. Hello Mr. Arif, I read your articles from time to time and...

Diagram of the TR QR Code payment flow between cardholder, issuer, BKM and acquirer

Payment Systems

Why Am I Getting an Error When I Try to Pay with a TR QR Code?

In payment or cash withdrawal transactions, the TR QR Code is generated by the POS or ATM. The card issuing bank must build its systems to read and act on this code. Errors usually stem from mishandling the long and short QR code flows, which are explained here.

Credit card with digital security code animation

Credit Card

What is dCVV2?

Most of us are familiar with CVV2/CVC2 - the security code on the back of a card, usually three digits. So what is dCVV2? Here's how dynamic CVV technology works and why Visa introduced it for online payments.

Illustration representing the products and services KKB offers directly to its member institutions

Credit Card

What Products and Services Does KKB Offer Directly to Members?

KKB was established, under banking law, to enable the exchange of all kinds of information and documents among at least five banks, and it also shares credit information about customers. The Credit Bureau of Turkey also serves deposit banks, participation banks, financial institutions, and more.

Illustration of a marketplace solution connecting multiple online marketplaces and sellers

E-commerce

What Is a Marketplace Solution?

A marketplace solution is a service offered by software that enables communication and data exchange between different marketplaces. It is a multi-vendor online shopping infrastructure, including the payment system, for listing, searching and buying products and services.

Contactless reader device attached to a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What Is a Contactless Reader?

These are devices connected to a POS terminal that allow fast payments, up to a certain limit, using contactless credit cards or prepaid cards by tapping them on the contactless reader instead of the POS's card reader. Can every POS have a contactless reader attached?

Contactless card payment at an overseas POS terminal that prompts for a PIN after a limit is exceeded

Payment Systems

Visa Overseas Contactless Transactions – After Code 70 (Part 2)

After switching to response code 70 for contactless limit-exceeded cases, we found that some overseas POS devices and acquirers did not handle it as expected. This post covers why the problem lies in the ecosystem and how to address it.