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Diagram showing the Issuer Domain, Interoperability Domain and Acquirer Domain in 3D Secure

Merchant & POS

What are Payment Scheme 3D Secure systems?

3D Secure is short for Three Domain Secure (Issuer Domain, the Interoperability Domain and the Acquirer Domain), used to increase security in online transactions. Known to cardholders as 3D Secure, these systems are given unique names by payment schemes (MasterCard, Visa, etc.).

Illustration of the Alipay super app connecting payments, merchants and financial services

Closed-Loop Payments

Alipay: Payment System or Digital Economy? | Closed-Loop Payments #5

Is Alipay a payment system, or a digital economy? In the previous post we discussed how Starbucks shows that payment systems can evolve into a different structure. At first the goal was to make payment easier for the customer. As the system grew, loyalty programs...

Illustration representing communication protocols used in POS payment systems

Merchant & POS

What Are POS Sub-Protocols and Their Use Cases in Turkey?

In payment systems, every exchange between POS devices and bank or payment institution systems runs on a specific messaging standard, generally based on ISO 8583. However, each country, bank, or switch network defines its own version of this standard.

TR QR Code payment standard illustration

Merchant & POS

What Is the TR QR Code?

TR QR Code refers to QR code information created according to the regulation on generating and using the TR QR code in payment services, which can be used in payments under Law No. 6493.

Smart Payment Association (SPA) logo

Payment Systems

What is SPA (Smart Payment Association)?

The Smart Payment Association (SPA) is the trade association of the smart payments industry. It provides leadership and expert guidance to help members and customers realize smart, secure and personalized payment systems and services, now and in the future.

Diagram illustrating the NextGenPSD2 framework for open banking APIs

Open Banking

What Is NextGenPSD2?

NextGenPSD2 is the set of API standards launched by the Berlin Group in 2017, now involving more than 1,700 banks from 20 countries. This post explains what the framework offers to banks, fintechs and third-party providers under PSD2.

Diagram illustrating BKM TechPOS shared POS infrastructure

Merchant & POS

What is BKM TechPOS?

BKM TechPOS is an infrastructure through which card acquirers and POS/cash register manufacturers can interoperate via BKM, letting all participating banks provide card acceptance services on a single device.

Illustration of EMV chip card technology used in VSDC and M/Chip-Lite applications

Credit Card

What is VSDC (Visa Smart Debit Credit) and M/Chip-Lite?

EMV chip cards contain a small, powerful microprocessor that provides enhanced security, faster transactions, and support for loyalty programs. VSDC is Visa's chip-based solution; M/Chip-Lite is Mastercard's low-cost equivalent for banks starting their chip migration.

EMV chip card illustration

Online & Authorization

What is EMV?

EMV stands for Europay, Mastercard and Visa. In 1994 these companies formed a working group to set chip-card standards, leading to the EMV standards used worldwide today.