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Payment Institutions & E-Money
5 August 2021 was a very important day for Turkish payment systems. The CBRT's amendment to the Communiqué on the International Bank Account Number (IBAN) allows payment institutions and e-money institutions to create IBANs as well. This is...
Merchant & POS
In the first post I explained what closed-loop payment systems are and how they differ from open-loop ones. Many of the replies I received boiled down to one question: how do these systems actually work behind the scenes once a QR code is scanned?
E-commerce
AI agents are moving beyond answering questions to searching, deciding, and paying on behalf of users. This post explains Agentic Commerce and what it means for payment systems, digital wallets, e-money institutions, banks, and fintechs.
Merchant & POS
The Merchant Registry System is the system at BKM that holds information on merchants accepting electronic payments, set up to simplify TR QR Code payment processes and prevent fraud and misuse in payments.
Payment Systems
In payment systems, an “appeal” is the process of objecting to the outcome of a transaction dispute. It is usually discussed alongside chargebacks, but it plays a critical role in interbank dispute resolution, when a party asks the card scheme to re-evaluate a concluded decision.
Agentic Commerce
Are We Ready to Give an AI Agent the Authority to Make Payments? Having long looked at complaint and dispute processes in payment systems, I think granting an agent payment authority is far different from research or product selection.
ATM
Suppose you are a newly established bank, wanting to offer customers all your products and services. Of course, this is not easy. First, the Bank's OnUs transaction processing step must run successfully before other banks' cards can be accepted at the ATMs.
Chargeback
A chargeback is the process of requesting that an amount paid by credit card be refunded, either because the goods or services paid for were not received, or because a transaction is identified as one the cardholder did not carry out.
FAST
The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey (CBRT) has implemented a significant limit increase in the FAST system. Under the regulation effective August 26, 2026, the FAST money transfer limit was raised from TRY 100,000 to TRY 300,000. The same increase also applies to Request to Pay...
Online & Authorization
OpenAI and Stripe announced the Agentic Commerce Protocol (ACP), with Instant Checkout live on Etsy and Shopify in the US. What this means for payment facilitators and e-commerce platforms, and what may come beyond one-click checkout.
Merchant & POS
Magnetic Secure Transmission (MST) is a mobile payment technology in which devices such as smartphones emit a signal that mimics the magnetic stripe on a traditional payment card, letting a physical card's POS use be imitated without upgrading terminal software or hardware.
Credit Card
Installment payment means dividing a product's price into a set number of equal amounts. For example, if a 100 TL product is bought in 5 installments, the cardholder pays 20 TL a month for 5 months, totaling 100 TL.