Diagram comparing the refund and chargeback processes

Let's first take a look at the concepts of chargeback and refund:

A chargeback is the process of returning the amount paid to the relevant credit card when the goods or services that should have been received in exchange for a credit card payment are not received, or when transactions not carried out by the cardholder are identified. In Turkish it is translated as "ters ibraz."

A refund is a process carried out for reasons such as the product not meeting expectations, being defective or used, or the buyer changing their mind, whereby the product is sent back to the seller and the payment is recovered.

So what is the difference between a refund and a chargeback?

Refund and chargeback, concepts that are frequently confused, are actually two distinct concepts. A refund means the product is returned at the end of an entirely legitimate process, while a chargeback is the practice applied to illegitimate transactions arising from situations such as card fraud. Therefore, a refund is part of the natural sales process, whereas a chargeback is a flow that occurs outside the natural process due to fraud, and results in the relevant amount being taken back from the merchant.