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POS terminal device used for processing card transactions

Online & Authorization

Response Codes That Can Be Received in Offline Transactions

Below are the possible response code values for offline transactions and their explanations: Response Code / Explanation - Y1: Approved offline, Z1: Declined offline, Y2: Approved after referral, and more.

Credit card application eligibility illustration

Credit Card

Who Can Legally Get a Credit Card?

People over 18 who have the capacity to discern, are not under legal restriction and whose creditworthiness is deemed suitable by the bank can get a credit card. Banks set different criteria for professions, students and homemakers.

Screenshot of the Official Gazette announcing Law No. 7192 on payment and securities settlement systems

Laws & Regulations

What Is Law No. 7192 and What Does It Include?

Law No. 7192 amends certain articles of Law No. 6493 on Payment and Securities Settlement Systems, Payment Services and Electronic Money Institutions. Announced on 22 November 2019, it entered into force on 01.01.2020.

Illustration representing Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) under PSD2

Payment Systems

What is Strong Customer Authentication (SCA)?

Strong Customer Authentication (SCA) is a security requirement introduced under the EU's Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2) to increase security and reduce fraud in online payment transactions. SCA requires two of three independent authentication factors.

Screenshot illustrating how a payment gateway connects an e-commerce site to a bank

Online & Authorization

What is a Payment Gateway?

A payment gateway is the high-security connection banks provide for purchases made with a credit or debit card. Learn how it is set up and why it protects cardholder data.

Screenshot of an Address Verification Service (AVS) response code table

Merchant & POS

What is Address Verification Service (AVS)?

Address Verification Service (AVS) is a fraud prevention system that helps limit fraud and chargebacks when used effectively. It verifies that the address a customer enters matches the cardholder's address on file with the issuer.

Chart showing the global decline in the number of ATMs

ATM

The number of ATMs is declining worldwide

ATMs, which let us meet our cash needs, pay card debt, make transfers, and even withdraw or deposit cash via QR code without a card, have started losing popularity after all these years.

Diagram illustrating the retrieval request process in card transactions

Chargeback

What is a Retrieval Request?

A chargeback is when cardholders dispute a transaction made without their knowledge through their card-issuing bank. So what does a Retrieval Request mean? It is essentially a document request related to transactions a cardholder does not recognize on their statement.

Diagram illustrating the soft chargeback retrieval request process between cardholder, issuer and merchant

Chargeback

What Is a Soft Chargeback?

A soft chargeback, also called a retrieval request, is a request for documents about a transaction the cardholder does not recognize. Learn why customers request them, what information merchants should provide, and why a fast response matters.

Contactless payment being made with a chip debit card at a POS terminal

Debit Card

Can a debit card (ATM card) be used for contactless transactions?

A contactless transaction is a fast, secure payment made between a chip card and a POS device without direct contact, without the card's chip or magnetic data being read through the card reader. Can this be done with a debit card (ATM card)?

Bank ATM machine illustrating the difference between onsite and offsite ATM locations

Merchant & POS

What Are Onsite/Offsite ATMs?

ATMs, which once only let customers withdraw cash from their accounts, have now turned into a channel where almost all branch transactions can be performed, and these functions keep growing year after year. So, are there different types of ATMs...