Payment Systems
What is BKM (Interbank Card Center)?
BKM, short for Interbank Card Center, is a legal entity established in 1990 with contributions from 13 public and private Turkish banks to provide clearing and settlement for cards.
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"banking systems"
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FAST
What Are the Differences Between FAST and EFT?
Until the FAST system was introduced, money transfers were made through the EFT structure. Due to evolving technology and changing customer expectations, a new structure called FAST was introduced. So what are the differences between EFT and FAST?
Laws & Regulations
What Are the Penalties for Providing Payment Services or Issuing Electronic Money Without a License?
In Türkiye, collecting payments requires a payment institution license and issuing e-money requires an e-money institution license. Article 28 of Law No. 6493 sets prison terms and fines for operating without one.
HSM & Security
What is PEK (Pin Encryption Key)?
PEK is the abbreviation for Pin Encryption Key. The role of PEK is to encrypt PINs. There are two types of PEK: TPK (Terminal Pin Key) and ZWK (Zone Working Key).
Payment Systems
What Is an Appeal? What Does It Mean in Payment Systems?
In payment systems, an “appeal” is the process of objecting to the outcome of a transaction dispute. It is usually discussed alongside chargebacks, but it plays a critical role in interbank dispute resolution, when a party asks the card scheme to re-evaluate a concluded decision.
Laws & Regulations
What Is Law No. 5464 on Bank Cards and Credit Cards? What Does It Contain?
The purpose of Law No. 5464 on Bank Cards and Credit Cards is to ensure the card payment system works effectively by regulating the issuance and use of bank and credit cards and the related clearing and netting processes.
Security
What is PAM (Personal Assurance Message)?
PAM (Personal Assurance Message) is a message that users set up for 3D Secure transactions. It appears on the password screen during checkout and confirms to the user that the screen truly comes from their own bank.
Payment Systems
Domestic Flow Change Made for Below-CVM-Limit Online Contactless Transactions
The domestic authorization flow for below-CVM-limit online contactless transactions has changed. Issuers can now ask the cardholder for a PIN or request card insertion instead of simply approving or declining. This post explains the CVM list and the new DE48 PDS22 and DE39 = 65 message flows.
Credit Card
What happens if I enter CVV2 incorrectly in my online transactions?
With the advancement of technology, the use of credit cards in online transactions and the variety of payment methods have increased. To make an online transaction with a credit card, you need: Card Number, Expiration Date, and CVV2 (the 3-digit number on the back of the card).
EMV
What Is the Visa EAS Server?
The Visa EAS Server (Extended Access Service) is a server used in Visa’s authentication infrastructure. It was developed to run the cardholder authentication process securely between banks and the Visa network, particularly within Visa Secure (3-D Secure 2.x).
Merchant & POS
How Do Offline Transactions Reach the Card and POS Bank?
In chip transactions made with a credit card via POS, the transaction amount is approved by the card and POS based on parameters on the card and POS, without going to the card bank or POS bank. These are called offline transactions.
Merchant & POS
What is Authorization?
The term 'provizyon' comes from French and means obtaining approval for a transaction. In payment systems, authorization confirms that the card, POS, bank account, and transaction limits are sufficient to complete a payment.