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Illustration representing the advantages and disadvantages of credit cards

Credit Card

What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of a Credit Card?

Credit cards can be a convenient way to manage income and expenses, but for those who don't know how to use them, they can become an expensive and risky product. Here are the key pros and cons to weigh before applying for one.

Diagram illustrating an Onus payment transaction between card and POS

Merchant & POS

What does Onus mean?

In the payment systems glossary, some terms are essential, including Onus. Onus literally means "on us" and refers to cases where the card-issuing bank and the POS/ATM bank are the same, meaning no clearing commission applies.

Contactless reader device attached to a POS terminal

Merchant & POS

What Is a Contactless Reader?

These are devices connected to a POS terminal that allow fast payments, up to a certain limit, using contactless credit cards or prepaid cards by tapping them on the contactless reader instead of the POS's card reader. Can every POS have a contactless reader attached?

Illustration of a card present transaction being processed at a POS terminal

Security

What is a CP (Card Present) Transaction?

A CP transaction refers to a card transaction in which the card and cardholder are physically present at the location. Card Present transactions occur when the card's magnetic stripe or chip data is read by a POS terminal or ATM, or via contactless.

Example of a combo card showing credit card information on the front and debit card information on the back

Credit Card

What is a combo card?

A combo card is a next-generation card that combines both a credit card and a debit card on a single card. Although designs vary visually, the front typically carries the credit card information and the back the debit card information.

Diagram of the EMV Card Block command process

EMV

What is the Card Block command?

The Card Block command is used after card issuance to deactivate all applications within the ICC, including applications that could be selected indirectly. The components of the command are explained below.

Diagram explaining what an EMV Issuer Script is and how it updates card chip parameters

EMV

What Is an EMV Issuer Script?

An EMV Issuer Script is a system that lets the issuer (the institution that issues the card) update and change the parameters and values on the card chip while it remains in use, reducing fraud over the card's lifetime.

Illustration of digital transformation in payment systems

Merchant & POS

How Digital Are You in Payment Systems?

Digitalization has brought major change to payment systems, just as it has to every area of our lives. Its biggest impact has been turning the financial world into something virtual, spanning IoT, mobile payments, blockchain and biometrics.

Diagram illustrating the relationship between KEK and DEK encryption keys

HSM & Security

What is KEK (Key Encryption Key)?

KEK (Key Encryption Key) is an encryption key used to encrypt the DEK (Data Encryption Key) and decrypt the encrypted DEK. The relationship between KEK and DEK: in encryption systems, keys are managed in a layered structure.

Old mechanical credit card imprinter machine used to transfer embossed card details onto a sales slip

Merchant & POS

What Is an Imprinter?

An imprinter is the name given to devices that transfer all the information embossed on a credit card onto a paper sales receipt. Before POS terminals, it was commonly used by merchants for authorization transactions.