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Laws & Regulations
This guide sets out the procedures and principles for reporting suspicious transactions for obliged parties other than the groups individually listed in the AML regulation, such as banks and insurers.
FAST
Until the FAST system was introduced, money transfers were made through the EFT structure. Due to evolving technology and changing customer expectations, a new structure called FAST was introduced. So what are the differences between EFT and FAST?
Closed-Loop Payments
Is Alipay a payment system, or a digital economy? In the previous post we discussed how Starbucks shows that payment systems can evolve into a different structure. At first the goal was to make payment easier for the customer. As the system grew, loyalty programs...
Laws & Regulations
If a person with no prior direct or indirect stake in a payment institution acquires less than 10% of its capital, no approval is required. Acquiring 10% or more, or shares granting board nomination privileges, requires approval.
Chargeback
Chargeback reason codes vary by card scheme. The Amex chargeback reason codes and their descriptions are listed below: American Express Chargeback Reason Codes A01 The charge you submitted did not receive a valid authorization approval code for the amount...
Credit Card
Issuer Script Results is the field that shows the results of the Issuer Script commands sent to the card. This post explains its byte and bit values, what an issuer script is, why the results matter, and what happens when a command fails.
Credit Card
The minimum payment amount is the portion of the monthly debt - resulting from a cardholder's credit card spending shown on the latest statement - that must be paid. How much of the total debt is the minimum payment amount? Although the calculation varies from bank to bank...
Credit Card
It is a CVV2/CVC2 code that changes every few minutes instead of the static code printed on the back of a credit card, aimed at reducing fraud risk in CNP (Card Not Present) transactions.
Chargeback
A chargeback is when a cardholder asks the issuing bank to refund a transaction made without their knowledge. It cannot be prevented entirely, but simple precautions can minimize the risk. Here is how the process works and what cardholders should do.
Cryptocurrency
Bitcoin has a concept similar to the subunits of fiat currencies: the satoshi. It is the smallest unit of Bitcoin, defined as one hundred-millionth of a Bitcoin (0.00000001 BTC), and it is named after Satoshi Nakamoto.
Clearing
The Domestic Clearing and Settlement System (YTH) settles and clears transactions between two banks when a card from one bank is used at another bank's POS or ATM. Participants submit records that are cleared daily and multilaterally netted and reconciled.
Credit Card
After Apple Card, announced last March to great fanfare, Huawei said it would issue a card too. Google has now joined the race among tech companies by announcing a new card of its own.