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Illustration representing a POS batch deletion

Payment Systems

What is Batch Delete? What Are the Important Points?

In POS applications and on the merchant side, we use the term Batch in a similar way to end of day. Every transaction made via POS is held under a batch number reported to the HOST at end of day.

Diagram showing different types of POS terminals used for card payments

Merchant & POS

What Is a POS (Point of Sale)?

Virtual or electronic authorization devices connected to a bank, used by merchants to accept card payments. The term comes from the English phrase Point of Sale. Covers POS types by communication method, their advantages, who can use one, and the transactions a POS can perform.

Example of a combo card showing credit card information on the front and debit card information on the back

Credit Card

What is a combo card?

A combo card is a next-generation card that combines both a credit card and a debit card on a single card. Although designs vary visually, the front typically carries the credit card information and the back the debit card information.

Photo of a POS terminal related to EMV Issuer Action Code settings

Online & Authorization

Issuer Action Code (IAC)

These are codes that communicate the issuer's conditions for approving a transaction online (IAC-Online), for declining it (IAC-Denial), or for declining it when the terminal cannot go online (IAC-Default).

Illustration showing a margin added to a foreign currency exchange rate

Merchant & POS

What Is a Marked-Up Exchange Rate?

In payment systems, exchange rate information is used in two places: POS devices that support foreign currency transactions, and credit card transactions made in a foreign currency (usually abroad).

Illustration representing the chargeback and dispute process in card payments

Chargeback

What Are the Domestic Exceptions to Chargeback Rules?

A chargeback is the refund of an amount paid by credit card to the cardholder's card when the purchased goods or services were not received, or when a transaction was not actually carried out by the cardholder.

POS terminal used for card payment transactions

Merchant & POS

What is On-Us Leakage?

On-Us Leakage is a term used in the world of payment systems. On-us means the card-issuing bank and the POS-acquiring bank are the same. So what does on-us leakage mean in this context?

Mifare contactless smart card

Debit Card

What is a Mifare Card?

A type of smart card containing a microchip and simple software, which performs contactless reading when brought close to a smart card reader. It isn't linked to a bank account and has no credit limit like credit cards. You can spend up to the amount loaded onto the card...

Diagram of an external quarterly network vulnerability scan for PCI DSS compliance

Security

What Is a Quarterly Network Scan?

An external network scan run every 3 months by an Approved Scanning Vendor authorized by card schemes such as MasterCard and Visa, required for PCI DSS compliance. It checks whether merchant systems are protected against external threats.

Diagram illustrating how a Payment Facilitator connects merchants to banks for card payments

Merchant & POS

What Is a Payment Facilitator (PF)?

A Payment Facilitator (PF) is a licensed payment institution that lets merchants accept card payments without applying to banks directly. Learn how it works.

Diagram of the Chargeback Document Management System (CDYS) process flow

Credit Card

What is the Chargeback Document Management System (CDYS)?

The Chargeback Document Management System (CDYS) is a system developed by BKM to resolve customer disputes over card payment transactions among BKM members, covering Copy Request, Chargeback, Representment, and related processes.