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Diagram of a partial authorization where an issuer approves only part of the requested amount

Merchant & POS

What Are the Partial Authorization Requirements for an Acquirer Bank?

Partial authorization lets an issuer approve part of the requested amount when the card lacks the full balance, with the rest paid another way. This post covers the technical, receipt, clearing, reconciliation, merchant and certification requirements for acquirers.

Illustration representing the products and services KKB offers directly to its member institutions

Credit Card

What Products and Services Does KKB Offer Directly to Members?

KKB was established, under banking law, to enable the exchange of all kinds of information and documents among at least five banks, and it also shares credit information about customers. The Credit Bureau of Turkey also serves deposit banks, participation banks, financial institutions, and more.

POS terminal used for card payment transactions

Merchant & POS

What is On-Us Leakage?

On-Us Leakage is a term used in the world of payment systems. On-us means the card-issuing bank and the POS-acquiring bank are the same. So what does on-us leakage mean in this context?

Account Information Service Provider concept icon

Payment Systems

What are Account Information Service Providers?

Digital Account Checking underpins many innovative banking and FinTech services. In most cases, it is performed by Account Information Service Providers, which supply data from customers' online bank accounts to other banks and third-party providers.

Diagram illustrating clearing types between card-issuing and POS banks

Clearing

What are the Clearing Types?

In card transactions via POS/ATM, when the card-issuing bank differs from the POS/ATM bank (Not Onus), the transaction is subject to clearing. Below, POS can also mean ATM. Is the clearing system a single type? No...

Flowchart showing the chargeback dispute process between cardholder, issuer, and merchant

Chargeback

What is a chargeback?

A chargeback is the process of refunding an amount back to a credit card when goods or services paid for are not received, or when transactions not carried out by the cardholder are identified. It is translated into Turkish as reverse presentment.

Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency (BRSA) building and emblem

Payment Institutions & E-Money

What Is the BRSA?

The BRSA is the Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency, an autonomous agency that protects savers' rights, ensures banks operate soundly and securely, and contributes to the long-term growth and stability of Turkey's economy.

Diagram illustrating how netting works between two banks in the clearing system

Clearing

What Is Netting in the Clearing System?

In payment systems, a transaction made at a merchant or ATM with a card issued by a different bank becomes subject to clearing. Netting offsets each participant's receivables and payables from these transactions into a single balance.