E-commerce
What is Online Payment?
Making payments over the internet using a card is called online payment. Learn what online payment systems are used for and what happens behind an online transaction, from the payment gateway to the issuing bank.
Search
"Card Scheme"
112 articles found
Fraud
Do Cardholders Have the Right to Dispute Transactions Made Without Their Knowledge?
Yes. Cardholders have the right to dispute transactions made with their cards without their knowledge. Here is how the process, known as a chargeback, works.
Merchant & POS
Is a Card Required for a Pre-Authorization Transaction?
Whether a card is required for a pre-authorization transaction depends on the type of POS used. On a physical POS, the card must be swiped or inserted to start the transaction. On a virtual POS, entering the card details manually is enough.
ISO 8583
ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F37)
F37 - RETRIEVAL REFERENCE NUMBER: a 12-digit alphanumeric value generated by the Acquirer that initiates the transaction. It must be printed on the POS receipt or ATM slip. RRN is the reference number that allows a transaction to be located.
Merchant & POS
What is the Combined Warning List (BUL)?
The Combined Warning List (BUL) lists card numbers the issuer wants blocked (lost, stolen, counterfeit, etc.), which acquiring merchants check within certain limits, at their own risk, when online authorization cannot be obtained.
Agentic Commerce
Agentic Commerce Series – Part 1
The next customer on the internet may not be human. If AI agents become part of purchasing decisions, the rules of e-commerce, marketing, and payment systems could change.
ISO 8583
ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F45)
F45 (TRACK-1 DAT) carries the Track 1 data of the card in ISO 7813 format, including field separators and start and end sentinels but excluding the LRC character. It is 76 characters long.
Security
What Is 3D Secure 2.0?
Before 3D Secure 2.0, let's explain what 3D Secure is. 3D Secure is a two-layer payment authentication system that protects both the cardholder and the merchant in online payments. First released by Visa in 1999, it was later adopted by other card schemes…
ISO 8583
ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F19)
F19 — Acquiring Institution Country Code: the country to which the location of the acquiring bank's device (ATM, POS, etc.) belongs.
ISO 8583
ISO 8583 Field Descriptions (F39)
F39 - RESPONSE CODE: This is the code showing whether the transaction was approved or declined. It is 2-digit alphanumeric. Typically 00 is sent when approved, and a decline reason code is sent when declined.
Merchant & POS
Terminal Action Code (TAC)
These are codes placed into the terminal software by the acquirer that govern the rules for whether transactions go online or are declined, covering offline approval, offline decline, and online submission due to issuer risk...
General
Agentic Commerce Series – Part 6
Who will win in Agentic Commerce? Owning the customer used to be a huge advantage. Once an agent starts deciding on the customer's behalf, where does the real power move to?